“…Only 17 left after removing the completely irrelevant results. Six of these papers mainly study flipped learning (Louhab et al, 2018;Rodriguez et al, 2018;Lamia et al, 2019;van Leeuwen, 2019;Janson et al, 2020;Ranellucci et al, 2021), and one is about adaptive learning (Alwadei et al, 2020). Among the 10 papers on these two topics (flipped and adaptive), three are reviews or discourse analysis papers (Chi et al, 2018;Narang et al, 2018;Smale-Jacobse et al, 2019), and seven focus on the topic of flipped teaching combined with adaptive e-learning platforms (Fang et al, 2019;Kaw et al, 2019;Clark and Kaw, 2020;Louhab et al, 2020;Mojtahedi et al, 2020;Hsieh et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2021).…”