Implementing Prevention against Tobacco Dependence (PAD) "Toward the Tobacco-Free Schools, Neighborhoods, and Cities": Study Protocol

Abstract

Background: Although tobacco consumption in Iran has decreased in recent years, in 2010, the exposure to cigarette smoke was the fifth leading risk factor for death in Iran. This article is presenting the protocol for the prevention against tobacco dependence (PAD) project, an initiative planned and implemented by the Iranian Anti-Tobacco Association (IATA) of Iran in the city of Varamin. Study design: A prospective cohort study. Methods: This project is carried out based on a participatory community-oriented approach and an action research method. It includes four inter-related, prospective studies phases; pilot, tobacco-free school (TFS), tobacco-free neighborhood (TFN), and tobacco-free city (TFS). The measuring tools for each phase were designed primarily using CDC and WHO guidelines and preliminary details were identified. Each phase is a combination of different methods (including systematic observation, questionnaire, heuristic interview, and structured interview). The studies will examine twelve goals and meet 9 project objectives in a comprehensive evaluation of ongoing progress with TFS, TFN, and TFC. Discussion: This project seeks to achieve indicators of tobacco-free schools, neighborhoods, and cities through direct and indirect education of all the target groups in the community. Participation of stakeholders and supporters in problem-solving can increase the effectiveness and influence of the project. The outcomes of the first two phases will be expanded to the wider settings.

Analyzing the Intersection of Smoking Consequences in Islamic Jurisprudence and Its Diverse Perspectives

“…Center not only manifests its unwavering commitment to the Muhammadiyah principles but also establishes itself as a beacon of moral and spiritual counsel for the members of its community. By enforcing anti-smoking policies, the organization manifests its dedication to promoting a healthy way of living consistent with the principles espoused in Islamic teachings (16).…”

“…This dedication aligns with the tenets of Islam, which prioritize the safeguarding and conservation of communal and personal well-being. Through proactive involvement in addressing the matter of smoking, the organization showcases its cognizance of the wider ramifications that personal decisions can have on the welfare of the collective community (16).…”

A qualitative exploration of experts’ views about multi-dimensional aspects of hookah smoking control in Iran

“…The interviewees believed that involving NGOs is a key strategy for HS control. Different NGOs, such as the Iranian Anti-Tobacco Association, are actively involved in tobacco control initiatives in Iran, with a focus on public health and environmental protection [ 25 , 26 ]. The Iranian government, through the National Tobacco Control Headquarters supported by the government and monitored by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, cooperates with relevant ministries, authorities, and NGOs [ 27 ].…”