Implications for changes in Anopheles 
                     darlingi biting behaviour in three communities in the peri-Iquitos region of Amazonian Peru

Moreno, Marta; Saavedra, Marlon P.; Bickersmith, Sara A.; Lainhart, William; Tong, Carlos; Alava, Freddy; Vinetz, Joseph M.; Conn, Jan E.

doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0804-2

Cited by 52 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…However, An. darlingi have presented especially early-evening biting activity in that area [48,49], which disagreed with the pattern found in the present study. Additional sampling could help to determine whether the differentiation detected in this study is consistent between populations of An.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Genetic heterogeneity in Anopheles darlingi related to biting behavior in western Amazon

Campos

Alonso

Conn

et al. 2018

Preprint

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In the Amazon Basin, Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi is the most aggressive and effective malaria vector. In endemic areas, behavioral aspects of anopheline species such as host preference, biting time and resting location after a blood meal have a key impact on malaria transmission dynamics and transmission control strategies. An. darlingi present a variety in behavior throughout its broad distribution including blood feeding related. To investigate the genetic basis of its biting behaviors, host-seeking An. darlingi were collected in two settlements (Granada and Remansinho) in Acre, Brazil.Mosquitoes were classified by captured location (indoors or outdoors) and time (dusk or dawn). Genome-wide SNPs were used to assess the degree of genetic diversity and structure in these groups. There was evidence of genetic component of biting behavior regarding both location and time in this species. This study supports that An. darlingi blood-feeding behavior has a genetic component. Additional ecological and genomic studies may help to understand the genetic basis of mosquito behavior and address appropriate surveillance and vector control.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Genetic heterogeneity in Anopheles darlingi related to biting behavior in western Amazon

Campos

Alonso

Conn

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Malaria transmission is highly seasonal, coinciding mainly with the heavy rainy season (January to June) and Andean snowmelt, that together increase river levels up to 10 m, causing major fluctuations in the abundance of the main regional malaria vector Ny. darlingi [70,71]. Most malaria infections are found in rural and remote villages whose inhabitants live along the Amazon River, and its many tributaries, in enclosed or partially enclosed wooden houses [62,72].…”

Section: Perumentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria Transmission in South America—Present Status and Prospects for Elimination

Conn¹,

Grillet²,

Correa³

et al. 2018

Towards Malaria Elimination - A Leap Forward

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Four countries (Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela) together contributed ~80% of the 875,000 malaria cases reported in the Latin American region (2016). During the 10-year period (2005-2015) when global malaria incidence was dramatically reduced, Brazil and Colombia were an integral part of this trend, on track to meet the mid-term 2020 goal established by the World Health Organization. In Colombia, since 2015 at the cessation of a five-year globally funded malaria program, both incidence and proportion of Plasmodium falciparum infections have increased, mainly due to the budget constraints. Similarly, despite a strong record and major recognition for reducing malaria, in 2017, Brazil has seen a resurgence of malaria cases, but no increase in the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum to P. vivax. A globally funded malaria control program in Peru from 2005 to 2010 resulted in appreciable reduction in the annual parasitic incidence down to 1/1000 by 2011-2012, but soon after, the annual malaria incidence began to rise and by the end of 2017, there were 53,261 reported cases. To add to Venezuela's political and financial woes, malaria continues to increase, such that, 300,189 cases were reported by the end of week 42, 2017. The only rational pathway to malaria elimination is sustained nation-level financial support that does not fall prey to political vicissitudes.

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“…Despite the increasing research conducted in Peru over the past decade on P. vivax malaria epidemiology,17–21 diagnostics,22,23 treatment,12,13,24 vector biology,25–28 and molecular genetics,29–31 several knowledge gaps still need to be addressed to support the Peruvian NMCP, so that malaria transmission hotspots can be readily identified and that the NMCP can more effectively implement strategies that target such areas with effective interventions 32. In this review, the trends in P. vivax incidence are described in relation to major control efforts implemented in Peru over the past 70 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Peru

Aguirre¹,

Gamboa²,

Manrique³

et al. 2016

Am J Trop Med Hyg

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Malaria in Peru, dominated by Plasmodium vivax, remains a public health problem. The 1990s saw newly epidemic malaria emerge, primarily in the Loreto Department in the Amazon region, including areas near to Iquitos, the capital city, but sporadic malaria transmission also occurred in the 1990s–2000s in both north-coastal Peru and the gold mining regions of southeastern Peru. Although a Global Fund-supported intervention (PAMAFRO, 2005–2010) was temporally associated with a decrease of malaria transmission, from 2012 to the present, both P. vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases have rapidly increased. The Peruvian Ministry of Health continues to provide artemesinin-based combination therapy for microscopy-confirmed cases of P. falciparum and chloroquine–primaquine for P. vivax. Malaria transmission continues in remote areas nonetheless, where the mobility of humans and parasites facilitates continued reintroduction outside of ongoing surveillance activities, which is critical to address for future malaria control and elimination efforts. Ongoing P. vivax research gaps in Peru include the following: identification of asymptomatic parasitemics, quantification of the contribution of patent and subpatent parasitemics to mosquito transmission, diagnosis of nonparasitemic hypnozoite carriers, and implementation of surveillance for potential emergence of chloroquine- and 8-aminoquinoline-resistant P. vivax. Clinical trials of tafenoquine in Peru have been promising, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the region has not been observed to be a limitation to its use. Larger-scale challenges for P. vivax (and malaria in general) in Peru include logistical difficulties in accessing remote riverine populations, consequences of government policy and poverty trends, and obtaining international funding for malaria control and elimination.

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Implications for changes in Anopheles darlingi biting behaviour in three communities in the peri-Iquitos region of Amazonian Peru

Cited by 52 publications

References 50 publications

Genetic heterogeneity in Anopheles darlingi related to biting behavior in western Amazon

Genetic heterogeneity in Anopheles darlingi related to biting behavior in western Amazon

Malaria Transmission in South America—Present Status and Prospects for Elimination

Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Peru

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