Implications of Carotid Arterial Plaque Assessment by Ultrasound for the Cardiothoracic Anesthesiologist: An Overview of the 2020 American Society of Echocardiography Recommendations for the Assessment of Carotid Arterial Plaque by Ultrasound for the Characterization of Atherosclerosis and Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk

Addis, Dylan R.; Townsley, Matthew M.

doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2020.12.006

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The results demonstrated differences in the hemodynamics of the carotid artery lumen flow field in patients with HP. It has been previously demonstrated that HP status induces complex hemodynamic conditions of the blood flow in the carotid artery ( 24 , 25 ). Particularly, the blood flow impacts the carotid artery wall, forming shear stress that affects the vascular wall ( 26 ), which may result in vascular endothelial cell damage and platelet aggregation at the injury site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of vector flow mapping technology in quantitative assessment of carotid wall shear stress in hypertensive patients: A preliminary study

Cai²,

Ye³

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundBlood flowing in the arterial lumen acts on the surface of the vessel wall to form wall shear stress (WSS). To date, there has been limited research on the utility of non-invasive technology in the accurate quantification of carotid WSS in patients with hypertension (HP).ObjectiveThe present study aimed to explore the usage of vascular vector flow mapping (VFM) in the quantitative assessment of carotid WSS in hypertensive patients at an early stage and to validate its clinical utility.MethodsA total of 50 individuals confirmed without carotid plaques were grouped into a HP group (n = 25) and a control (CON) group (n = 25) according to blood pressure. An ALOKA LISENDO 880 Color Doppler Ultrasound with a L441 3–15 MHZ probe was used to obtain a longitudinal section scan to determine the regions of interests (ROIs) of the common carotid artery. VFM-based WSS measurements were obtained by selecting the ROI with optimal image quality from three full cardiac cycles. WSS-derived measurements, including WSSmax, WSSmin, and WSSmean, were analyzed and compared between the HP and CON groups. In addition, the correlations between WSS-derived measurements and the carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) were also analyzed.ResultsThere were significant statistical differences in WSSmax and WSSmean between patients in the HP and CON groups. Specifically, the HP group had significantly decreased WSSmax and WSSmean compared to the CON group (WSSmax: 1.781 ± 0.305 Pa vs. 2.286 ± 0.257 Pa; WSSmean: 1.276 ± 0.333 Pa vs. 1.599 ± 0.293 Pa, both p < 0.001). However, there was no statistical difference in WSSmin between the groups (0.79 ± 0.36 vs. 0.99 ± 0.42, p = 0.080). Additionally, Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated that the WSS-derived parameters were negatively correlated with the IMT (p < 0.001).ConclusionVascular VFM technology shows promising results in the quantitative assessment of difference in hemodynamics of the vascular flow field between patients with HP and normal controls. Difference in WSS may serve as a potential predictor for the development of arteriosclerosis risks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of vector flow mapping technology in quantitative assessment of carotid wall shear stress in hypertensive patients: A preliminary study

Cai²,

Ye³

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Bilateral common carotid arteries, bifurcation, and the internal and external carotid arteries were scanned along the direction of the blood vessels to determine the intima-media thickness (IMT). 20 The plaque was defined as an IMT that “measures ≥1.5 mm in any segment of the carotid artery.” Carotid plaques were divided into single (n=1) and multiple (n≥2) groups. Based on the morphological and acoustic characteristics of the plaques, they were categorized as hypoechoic, isoechoic, hyperechoic, and mixed echo plaques.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Well as Other Leukocyte-Derived Ratios and Carotid Plaques in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A RCSCD-TCM Study

Ma¹,

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

JIR

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Purpose This study explored the relationship between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) as well as other leukocyte-derived ratios and carotid plaques in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Patients and Methods A total of 12,093 patients with CHD were selected as research participants. Leukocyte-derived ratios assessed in this study included neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), MLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), white blood cell-to-mean platelet volume ratio (WMR), lymphocyte×neutrophil/10 4 ratio (MNM), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). Leukocyte-derived ratios were divided into four groups according to quarters. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between leukocyte-derived ratios and the incidence, number, and echo characteristics of carotid plaques in patients with CHD. Further analysis was performed after adjusting for confounding factors. Results Among the 12,093 participants, 71.7% had carotid plaques. After adjusting for confounding factors, MLR, NLR, dNLR, PLR, SII, SIRI, and WMR were found to be associated with carotid plaque formation. Among them, MLR had the strongest association with the incidence of carotid plaques (odd ratio[OR]:1.889; 95% confidence interval[CI]:1.406–2.539) and hyperechoic plaques (OR:2.024; 95% CI:1.481–2.767). When MLR was viewed as a categorical variable, the risk of carotid plaque formation in Q4 was 1.4 times higher than that in Q1. The relationship between MLR and carotid plaques in females (OR:2.250; 95% CI:1.458–3.473) was stronger than that in males (OR: 1.638; 95% CI:1.102–-2.436). The relationship between MLR and carotid plaques in patients younger than 65 years (OR:3.597; 95% CI:2.379–5.439) was stronger than that in those older than 65 years (OR:1.577; 95% CI:1.046–2.378). Conclusion Leukocyte-derived ratios were related to the incidence, number, and echo characteristics of carotid plaques. In particular, MLR, an inflammatory biomarker that encompasses innate and adaptive immunity, may be of great value in revealing the incidence and echo characteristics of plaques.

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Association of high-sensitivity troponin T with left ventricular dysfunction in prediabetes

Tanriverdi,

Askin

2024

Acta Cardiologica

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Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Utility of vector flow mapping technology in quantitative assessment of carotid wall shear stress in hypertensive patients: A preliminary study

Utility of vector flow mapping technology in quantitative assessment of carotid wall shear stress in hypertensive patients: A preliminary study

Relationship Between Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Well as Other Leukocyte-Derived Ratios and Carotid Plaques in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A RCSCD-TCM Study

Association of high-sensitivity troponin T with left ventricular dysfunction in prediabetes

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