“…For example, nonvolant small mammals showed a clear hump-shaped elevational biodiversity pattern in species richness (McCain, 2005;Gebert et al, 2019). The hump-shaped pattern was also typical in vertebrates such as birds (McCain, 2009;Neate-Clegg et al, 2021), reptiles (McCain, 2010), and amphibians (Fu et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2019), and terrestrial invertebrate species, such as beetles (da Silva et al, 2018;McCabe and Cobb, 2020), moths (Beck et al, 2017), and ants (Szewczyk and McCain, 2016;Nunes et al, 2020). However, aquatic biological groups often showed a decreasing elevational biodiversity pattern in species richness, such as fish (Fu et al, 2004;Bhatt et al, 2012;Qian et al, 2021), crustacean (Hessen et al, 2007;Ramos et al, 2021), rotifer (Obertegger et al, 2010), aquatic plants (Jones et al, 2003;Stefanidis et al, 2021), phytoplankton and cyanobacteria (Jankowski and Weyhenmeyer, 2006;Teittinen et al, 2017).…”