Implications of dietary carbon incorporation in fish carbonates for the global carbon cycle

Oehlert, Amanda M.; Garza, Jazmin; Nixon, Sandy; Frank, LeeAnn; Folkerts, Erik J.; Stieglitz, John D.; Lu, Chaojin; Heuer, Rachael M.; Benetti, Daniel D.; del Campo, Javier; Gomez, Fabian A.; Grosell, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169895

Science of The Total Environment

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169895

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Implications of dietary carbon incorporation in fish carbonates for the global carbon cycle

Amanda M. Oehlert,

Jazmin Garza,

Sandy Nixon

et al.

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Cited by 4 publications

References 83 publications

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Physiological responses of euryhaline marine fish to naturally-occurring hypersalinity

Esbaugh

2025

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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Physiological responses of euryhaline marine fish to naturally-occurring hypersalinity

Esbaugh

2025

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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Organic Coatings Reduce Dissolution Rate by an Order of Magnitude for Carbonate Minerals Produced by Marine Fish

Oehlert,

Walls,

Arista

et al. 2024

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Marine carbonate production and dissolution are important components of the global carbon cycle and the marine alkalinity budget. Global carbonate production by marine fish (ichthyocarbonate) has been estimated to be as high as 9.03 Pg CaCO3 yr−1; however, the fate of ichthyocarbonate is poorly understood. High magnesium concentrations in ichthyocarbonate would traditionally suggest rapid dissolution under current marine conditions, but a correlation between dissolution rate and mol%MgCO3 has not been observed. Here, we aim to determine the role of organic coatings on dissolution rates of ichthyocarbonate in marine environments. We applied a combination of petrographic, geochemical, and microCT approaches to assess the quantity and distribution of organic matter in ichthyocarbonate produced by two species of marine fish, the Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) and the Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). We show that organic matter, including external coatings and embedded organic material, is volumetrically significant, ranging from 8.5% to 32.3% of ichthyocarbonate by volume. Bleach oxidation of external organic matter coatings increased the dissolution rate of ichthyocarbonate by more than an order of magnitude, suggesting these coatings serve to reduce reactive surface area of the mineral fraction in ichthyocarbonate. Assuming that organic coatings do not influence sinking rates, external coatings extend the depth of ichthyocarbonate persistence in the water column by ∼12–15×. Therefore, organic coatings are an important determinant of the role of ichthyocarbonate in the marine carbon cycle.

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Microzooplankton grazing on the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and its role in the global calcium carbonate cycle

Dean,

Harvey,

Johnson

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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Identifying mechanisms driving the substantial dissolution of biogenic CaCO 3 (60 to 80%) in surface and mesopelagic waters of the global ocean is critical for constraining the surface ocean’s alkalinity and inorganic carbon budgets. We examine microzooplankton grazing on coccolithophores, photosynthetic calcifying algae responsible for a majority of open-ocean CaCO 3 production, as a mechanism driving shallow dissolution. We show that microzooplankton grazing dissolves 92 ± 7% of ingested coccolith calcite, which may explain 50 to 100% of the observed CaCO 3 dissolution in supersaturated surface waters. Microzooplankton grazing on coccolithophores is thus a substantial, previously unrecognized biological mechanism affecting the ballasting of organic carbon to deeper waters, the ecology and fitness of microzooplankton themselves due to buffering of food vacuole pH, and ultimately the continued ability of the surface ocean to take up atmospheric carbon dioxide.

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Implications of dietary carbon incorporation in fish carbonates for the global carbon cycle

Cited by 4 publications

References 83 publications

Physiological responses of euryhaline marine fish to naturally-occurring hypersalinity

Physiological responses of euryhaline marine fish to naturally-occurring hypersalinity

Organic Coatings Reduce Dissolution Rate by an Order of Magnitude for Carbonate Minerals Produced by Marine Fish

Microzooplankton grazing on the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and its role in the global calcium carbonate cycle

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