Implications of Dutch ammonia policy on the livestock sector

Lekkerkerk, L.J.A.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(97)00019-8

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The highest ammonia emissions are in the livestock sector (Lekkerkerk, 1998). Within the sector, pig, poultry, and cattle farms are primarily responsible for this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different feed components and the treatment of the litter on the ammonia emission of equine urine

Bartos¹,

Koltay²,

Ujj³

et al. 2021

Ecocycles

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The main goal of our research was to study the effects of different feed components and the treatment of the litter on the NH3 emission of equine urine. Four adult horses were used in the experiment. The basic diet consisted of 1500 g mashed oat, fed twice a day (morning and evening), and ad libitum hay. During the night the horses were kept separately in concrete floor boxes, the litter was wheat straw. The whole study was divided into 3 main periods. In the first period of the experiment the litter and the floor were treated with a probiotic supplement for two days in the evenings. In the second period of the experiment for 8 days the basic diet was supplemented with 40 ml of probiotic added to the oat. Before the third period of our study the horses were fed with their regular diet for two weeks. After that the oat was changed to a high-protein-value horse feed for 12 days. At the end of the second and third periods, the litter was treated again. Urine contaminated straw samples were collected after each period before and after the litter treatments from different places of the litter in the morning before the daily littering. From the samples, the dry matter content and the NH3 emission were measured. Statistical analysis was carried out with linear modelling. According to our results, both the probiotic treatment of the feed and the high-protein-value horse feed decreased the urine NH3 emission significantly (p<0.05). However, the NH3 emission was only slightly influenced by the litter treatment. Only in the case of probiotic feed supplement could a decrease in emission be detected, but the result was not significant. There was no difference in the dry matter content of the samples. Based on our results, we can conclude that both the high-protein-value horse feed and the probiotic supplement applied in our experiment can be useful to decrease urine NH3 emission by horses. The two-days litter treatment however seems to be too short to gain any positive effects.

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“…The highest ammonia emissions are in the livestock sector (Lekkerkerk, 1998). Within the sector, pig, poultry, and cattle farms are primarily responsible for this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different feed components and the treatment of the litter on the ammonia emission of equine urine

Bartos¹,

Koltay²,

Ujj³

et al. 2021

Ecocycles

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“…Examples of the latter are ammonia-N deposited in regions with a large livestock density (e.g. Lekkerkerk, 1998) or the use of irrigation water containing large concentrations of leached N (e.g. Shapiro, 1999).…”

Section: Origin and Fate Of Available Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The elusive role of soil quality in nutrient cycling: a review

Schröder

Schulte

Creamer

et al. 2016

Soil Use and Management

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Cycling of nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus, is one of the ecosystem services we expect agricultural soils to deliver. Nutrient cycling incorporates the reuse of agricultural, industrial and municipal organic residues that, misleadingly, are often referred to as 'wastes'. The present review disentangles the processes underlying the cycling of nutrients to better understand which soil properties determine the performance of that function. Four processes are identified (i) the capacity to receive nutrients, (ii) the capacity to make and keep nutrients available to crops, (iii) the capacity to support the uptake of nutrients by crops and (iv) the capacity to support their successful removal in harvested crop. Soil properties matter but it is imperative that, as constituents of 'soil quality', they should be evaluated in the context of management options and climate and not as ends in their own right. The effect of a soil property may vary depending on the prevailing climatic and hydrologic conditions and on other soil properties. We recognize that individual soil properties may be enhancing one of the processes underlying the cycling of nutrients but simultaneously weakening others. Competing demands on soil properties are even more obvious when considering other soil functions such as primary production, purification and flow regulation of water, climate modification and habitat provision, as shown by examples. Consequently, evaluations of soil properties and management actions need to be site-specific, taking account of local aspects of their suitability and potential challenges.

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“…For example, in The Netherlands, livestock production must meet stringent targets for NH 3 emission (54,55). However, in the U.S., both the USDA and U.S. EPA have shown a preference for voluntary mitigation strategies for ammonia (i.e., Best Management Practices, BMPs), some of which are beginning to be implemented (4).…”

Section: Nh 3 Emission Control and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, in Europe, health and environmental concerns about agriculturally emitted air pollutants have led regulators and policy makers to implement mitigation strategies for ammonia (Table ). For example, in The Netherlands, livestock production must meet stringent targets for NH 3 emission , . However, in the U.S., both the USDA and U.S. EPA have shown a preference for voluntary mitigation strategies for ammonia (i.e., Best Management Practices, BMPs), some of which are beginning to be implemented .…”

Section: Nh3 Emission Control and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Agriculture upon the Air Quality and Climate: Research, Policy, and Regulations

Aneja

Schlesinger

Erisman

2009

Environ. Sci. Technol.

240

147

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Scientific assessments of agricultural air quality, including estimates of emissions and potential sequestration of greenhouse gases, are an important emerging area of environmental science that offers significant challenges to policy and regulatory authorities. Improvements are needed in measurements, modeling, emission controls, and farm operation management. Controlling emissions of gases and particulate matter from agriculture is notoriously difficult as this sector affects the most basic need of humans, i.e., food. Current policies combine an inadequate science covering a very disparate range of activities in a complex industry with social and political overlays. Moreover, agricultural emissions derive from both area and point sources. In the United States, agricultural emissions play an important role in several atmospherically mediated processes of environmental and public health concerns. These atmospheric processes affect local and regional environmental quality, including odor, particulate matter (PM) exposure, eutrophication, acidification, exposure to toxics, climate, and pathogens. Agricultural emissions also contribute to the global problems caused by greenhouse gas emissions. Agricultural emissions are variable in space and time and in how they interact within the various processes and media affected. Most important in the U.S. are ammonia (where agriculture accounts for ∼90% of total emissions), reduced sulfur (unquantified), PM 2.5 (∼16%), PM 10 (∼18%), methane (∼29%), nitrous oxide (∼72%), and odor and emissions of pathogens (both unquantified). Agriculture also consumes fossil fuels for fertilizer production and farm operations, thus emitting carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), oxides of nitrogen (NO x ), sulfur oxides (SO x ), and particulates. Current research priorities include the quantification of point and nonpoint sources, the biosphere-atmosphere exchange of ammonia, reduced sulfur compounds, volatile organic compounds, greenhouse gases, odor and pathogens, the quantification of landscape processes, and the primary and secondary emissions of PM. Given the serious concerns raised regarding the amount and the impacts of agricultural air emissions, policies must be pursued and regulations must be enacted in order to make real progress in reducing these emissions and their associated environmental impacts.

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Implications of Dutch ammonia policy on the livestock sector

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of different feed components and the treatment of the litter on the ammonia emission of equine urine

Effects of different feed components and the treatment of the litter on the ammonia emission of equine urine

The elusive role of soil quality in nutrient cycling: a review

Effects of Agriculture upon the Air Quality and Climate: Research, Policy, and Regulations

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