Implications of oxidative stress in occupational exposure to lead on a cellular level

Čabarkapa, Andrea; Borozan, Sunčica; Živković, Lada; Milanović-Čabarkapa, Mirjana; Stojanović, Srđan Đ.; Bajić, Vladan; Spremo-Potparević, Biljana

doi:10.1080/02772248.2015.1060973

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Toxicity may affect cell membranes by interfering with various transport and energy systems, which may shorten erythrocyte survival time and cause hemolysis. In addition, high lead levels can affect the heme synthesis pathway, resulting in the production of free erythrocyte protoporphyrins and eventual anemia (Somashekaraiah et al 1990;Verheij et al 2009;Čabarkapa et al 2015;Alves et al 2016). Moreover, lead toxicity can cause degeneration of ribosomal ribonucleic acid in erythrocytes, which can lead to the appearance of basophilic stippling on a peripheral smear (Kempe et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Poisoning Caused by Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Case Report and Literature Review

Tang

Feng

2017

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Traditional Chinese herbal medicine is widely used for primary health care worldwide as it mostly consists of herbs or herbal extracts known to be safe. However, owing to the intentional or unintentional addition to herbs of lead-containing bases or pastes, lead poisoning from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) remains a serious issue. We report here a case of lead poisoning caused by long-term use of homemade TCM. A 66-year-old man was admitted for periumbilical pain and constipation. A detailed medication history revealed that the patient had been using homemade TCM for the past 8 months. Screening for heavy metals showed that the patient had a blood lead level of 657 μg/L and his wife, who was asymptomatic, had a blood lead level of 488 μg/L. Chemical analysis confirmed a lead concentration of more than 4,000 mg/ kg in the TCM. Both individuals were advised to discontinue the medications and chelation treatment was immediately initiated for the husband. The patient's periumbilical pain was noticeably relieved after treatment, and blood lead levels returned to normal after three treatment rounds. We also review here the literature to summarize the usual reasons for taking TCM and common features of lead poisoning. Our findings suggest that potential exposure to lead from TCM treatment must be considered when diagnosing unexplained cases of abdominal colic in China. The Chinese health authority should speed up legislation to improve the regulatory framework of TCM, especially regarding small private clinics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Poisoning Caused by Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Case Report and Literature Review

Tang

Feng

2017

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…With the development of modern industry, environmental pollution has become a common public concern in China, and heavy metal like lead pollution has captured the medical profession's attention. Lead accumulation in the body can lead to irreversible dysfunction in multiple systems [1–3]. Many studies have shown that lead exposure can cause or aggravate hearing damage in human or animals [4–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Induced Ototoxicity and Neurotoxicity in Adult Guinea Pig

Zhang

Qian

Xie

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Lead exposure causes or aggravates hearing damage to human or animal, but the detailed effects of lead exposure on auditory system including injury sites of the cochlea in mammal remain controversy. To investigate the effect of chronic lead exposure on auditory system, 40 adult guinea pigs with normal hearing were randomly divided into five groups. They were fed 2 mmol/L lead acetate in drinking water for 0, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days (n = 8), respectively. Lead concentrations in blood, cochlea, and brainstem were measured. Auditory function was measured by auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). The morphology of cochlea and brainstem was observed, and expression of autophagy-related protein in brainstem was also assessed. The blood lead concentration reached a high level at the 15th day and kept stable, but the lead level in brainstem and cochlear tissue increased obviously at the 60th day and 90th day of lead exposure, respectively. There was no significant difference in the morphology of hair cells and stria vascularis (SV) among these five groups, but the number of spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) gradually decreased after 60 days. The differences of ABR thresholds and DPOAE amplitudes were not statistically significant among each group, but I wave latency, III latency, and I-III wave interval of ABR were delayed with the prolonging of time of lead exposure. The expressions of autophagy-related protein ATG5, ATG6, and LC3B in brainstem were increased after 30 days. These results suggest that the key target of lead toxicity was the auditory nerve conduction pathway including SGNs and brainstem, rather than cochlear hair cells and SV. Autophagy may play a very important role in lead toxicity to auditory nervous system.

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