Implications of shallow tethys and the origin of modern oceans

Mckenzie, K G

doi:10.1071/sb9910037

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Thus, Cythereis may be an example of a deep-sea relic: a taxon with a formerly broad distribution that lingers (mostly) in the deep sea while becoming extinct in other environments. This idea is consistent with McKenzie's (1991) hypothesis suggesting that deep-sea species of long-ranging genera evolved from shallow-water Cretaceous-Paleocene or earlier ancestors because true deep-water faunas do not antedate the Eocene (Benson, 1975). However, this hypothesis should be critically evaluated because this kind of classic idea of Cenozoic deep-sea evolution through immigration from shelf habitats is challenged by the recent discovery of well-preserved Jurassic deep-sea fauna (Thuy et al, 2014).…”

Section: Cytherina Ornatissima Reuss 1846supporting

confidence: 76%

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Taxonomy of Deep-sea Trachyleberidid, Thaerocytherid, and Hemicytherid Genera (Ostracoda)

Yasuhara¹,

Hunt²,

Okahashi³

et al. 2015

Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology

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of Deep-Sea Trachyleberidid, Thaerocytherid, and Hemicytherid Genera (Ostracoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, number 96, xii + 216 pages, 95 figures, 3 tables, 2015.-We conducted a comprehens ive systematic revision of deep-sea Trachyleberididae, Thaerocytheridae, and Hemicytheridae (Ostracoda, Crustacea) covering almost all Cenozoic genera using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. Trachyleberididae, our main focus, is one of the most diverse and abundant ostracod families, but its genus-level taxonomy is still confusing. Approximately 700 specimens from 177 species from 47 genera were examined. The studied samples range in age from the Cretaceous to the present day and cover all major oceans in the world, including the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Southern Oceans, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico. Five new genera and 45 new species are described:

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Section: Cytherina Ornatissima Reuss 1846supporting

confidence: 76%

“…Cythereis tomcronini sp. nov. is also similar to Cythereis careyi (McKenzie et al, 1991), but the latter has a more slender outline, more spinose carapace, and less developed ventrolateral ridge.…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 87%

Taxonomy of Deep-sea Trachyleberidid, Thaerocytherid, and Hemicytherid Genera (Ostracoda)

Yasuhara¹,

Hunt²,

Okahashi³

et al. 2015

Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology

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“…For marine species, climatic events can undoubtedly impact their historical biogeography; however, marine patterns are relatively poorly known because of the high geological complexity and biological diversity [4] . Based on the endemism of the marine biota in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, three zoogeographical zones have been identified, i.e., the Oriental Zone, Japan Warm-Temperate Zone, and the Tropical Zone [5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variations in Two Seahorse Species (Hippocampus mohnikei and Hippocampus trimaculatus): Evidence for Middle Pleistocene Population Expansion

et al. 2014

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Population genetic of seahorses is confidently influenced by their species-specific ecological requirements and life-history traits. In the present study, partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) and control region (CR) were obtained from 50 Hippocampus mohnikei and 92 H. trimaculatus from four zoogeographical zones. A total of 780 base pairs of cytb gene were sequenced to characterize mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity. The mtDNA marker revealed high haplotype diversity, low nucleotide diversity, and a lack of population structure across both populations of H. mohnikei and H. trimaculatus. A neighbour-joining (NJ) tree of cytb gene sequences showed that H. mohnikei haplotypes formed one cluster. A maximum likelihood (ML) tree of cytb gene sequences showed that H. trimaculatus belonged to one lineage. The star-like pattern median-joining network of cytb and CR markers indicated a previous demographic expansion of H. mohnikei and H. trimaculatus. The cytb and CR data sets exhibited a unimodal mismatch distribution, which may have resulted from population expansion. Mismatch analysis suggested that the expansion was initiated about 276,000 years ago for H. mohnikei and about 230,000 years ago for H. trimaculatus during the middle Pleistocene period. This study indicates a possible signature of genetic variation and population expansion in two seahorses under complex marine environments.

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“…the Isthmus of Panama) would have resulted in vicariance of marine populations (Knowlton & Weigt, 1998), and former oceanic basins that separated terrestrial continents (e.g. Tethys Seaway) would have enabled marine taxa to extend their ranges (McKenzie, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A marine fish follows Wallace's Line: the phylogeography of the three‐spot seahorse (Hippocampus trimaculatus, Syngnathidae, Teleostei) in Southeast Asia

Lourie¹,

Vincent

2004

Journal of Biogeography

107

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Aim To test the potential of two contrasting biogeographical hypotheses (‘Indian/Pacific Ocean Basin’ vs. ‘Wallace's Line’) to explain the distribution of genetic diversity among populations of a marine fish in Southeast Asia. Location The marine waters of Asia and Southeast Asia: from India to Japan, and east to the Indonesian islands of Sulawesi and Flores. Methods We sequenced a 696 base pair fragment of cytochrome b DNA of 100 individuals of Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 (three‐spot seahorse), obtained from across its range. We tested our hypotheses using phylogenetic reconstructions and analyses of molecular variance. Results Significant genetic divergence was observed among the specimens. Two distinct lineages emerged that diverged by an average of 2.9%. The genetic split was geographically associated, but surprisingly it indicated a major east–west division similar to the terrestrial Wallace's Line (ΦST = 0.662, P < 0.001) rather than one consistent with an Indian‐Pacific ocean basin separation hypothesis (ΦST = 0.023, P = 0.153). Samples from east of Wallace's Line, when analysed separately, however, were consistent with an Indian/Pacific Ocean separation (ΦST = 0.461, P = 0.005). The degree of genetic and geographical structure within each lineage also varied. Lineage A, to the west, was evolutionarily shallow (star‐like), and the haplotypes it contained often occurred over a wide area. Lineage B to the east had greater genetic structure, and there was also some evidence of geographical localization of sublineages within B. Main conclusions Our results indicate that the genetic diversity of marine organisms in Southeast Asia may reflect a more complex history than the simple division between two major ocean basins that has been proposed by previous authors. In particular, the east–west genetic division observed here is novel among marine organisms examined to date. The high haplotype, but low nucleotide diversity to the west of Wallace's Line is consistent with post‐glacial colonization of the Sunda Shelf. Additional data are needed to test the generality of these patterns.

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Implications of shallow tethys and the origin of modern oceans

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Taxonomy of Deep-sea Trachyleberidid, Thaerocytherid, and Hemicytherid Genera (Ostracoda)

Taxonomy of Deep-sea Trachyleberidid, Thaerocytherid, and Hemicytherid Genera (Ostracoda)

Genetic Variations in Two Seahorse Species (Hippocampus mohnikei and Hippocampus trimaculatus): Evidence for Middle Pleistocene Population Expansion

A marine fish follows Wallace's Line: the phylogeography of the three‐spot seahorse (Hippocampus trimaculatus, Syngnathidae, Teleostei) in Southeast Asia

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