Implications of short-term PCB uptake by small estuarine copepods (genus Acartia) from PCB-contaimined water, inorganic sediments and phytoplankton

Wyman, Kevin; O'Connors, H.B.

doi:10.1016/s0302-3524(80)80036-3

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Bacterivores may then pass these materials on to higher zooplankton such as copepods. Wyman & O'Conner (1980) and McManus et al (1983) demonstrated that feeding of PCB-contaminated phytoplankton to Acartia tonsa increased uptake of PCB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability and trophic transfer of humic-bound copper from bacteria to zooplankton

Lores

Pennock²

1999

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The effect of humic acid (HA) on uptake and transfer of Cu by selected marine organisms from the microbial loop was determined. Bacteria grown with and without 15 pg Cu 1-' and with and without 10 mg Suwannee River Humic Acid (SRHA) 1-' were fed to Uronema sp. The Uronema were subsequently fed to Acartia tonsa to determine the effect of humic acid on the uptake and transfer of Cu from bacteria to copepods. The presence of 10 mg SRHA 1-' reduced Cu uptake in A. tonsa by an average of 5 4 % and significantly reduced the negative effects of Cu on reproductive success of A. tonsa. The percentage of the total Cu residues in A. tonsa resulting from feeding was estimated by exposing A, tonsa to the same conditions with and without pre-exposed Uronen~a as food. The results indlcate that approximately 50% of the Cu residue is due to feeding. Thus, SRHA seems to affect Cu uptake in A. tonsa through binding of free Cu in the water at the same rate as through the food chain. This study demonstrates the importance of complexation of metals by organic matter and trophic transfer processes for organisms critical to estuarine food webs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability and trophic transfer of humic-bound copper from bacteria to zooplankton

Lores

Pennock²

1999

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Five studies have examined the transfer of organochlorines from prey to consuming zooplankter. Wyman & O'Connors (1980) described the accumulation of 14C-PCB (Aroclor 1254) by Acartia tonsa through feeding on an algal mixture of Skeletonerna costaturn and Thalassiosira pseudo. A. tonsa fed labelled phytoplankton acquired 61 pg PCB g-' dry wt.…”

Section: Organochlorines Acquired From Contaminated Preymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the phytoplankton was consumed A. tonsa body levels dropped to 28 ppm over the rest of the 2 d period whereas the water level declined to 0.25 pg PCB I-'. In a similar experiment A. tonsa was subjected to an initial 0.6 ppb in the water and a total of 80 ng PCB on illite clay particles (Wyman & O'Connors 1980). In this case maximum body levels were reached after 30 h at -22 ppm dry wt.…”

Section: Organochlorines Acquired From Contaminated Preymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation can be explained if the input through feeding maintains organochlorine levels in copepods above a purely sorption equilibrium. There is experimental evidence to demonstrate that this can occur in the short term (Wyman & O'Connors 1980). It could also be argued that copepods accumulate hlgher concentrations because of their longer generation spans with the resultant increased exposure to particlebound organochlorines other than food.…”

Section: Predator-prey Bioconcentration Factors {[@]/[F]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organochlorine dynamics between zooplankton and their environment, a reassessment

Harding¹

1986

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The level of organochlorine contamination in estuarine, coastal or oceanic waters and various depth strata, including surface films, is important in predicting bioaccumulation in zooplankton. Present and past levels of contamination in seawater are briefly reviewed and summarized. Most of the evidence indcates that little organochlorine is truly dissolved in seawater: most molecules are sorbed onto particulate material or sequestered into rnicellar structures. A first-order l n e t i c model is adequate to describe the accumulation of organochlorines by zooplankton from seawater because current laboratory techniques are not refined enough to disbnguish pathways within the organism. The chemical nature of the compounds, such as chlorine content, influences the time taken to reach an equilibrium level in an organism and the bioaccumulation at equilibrium. Size of organism, and temperature and salinity of the environment affect organochlorine uptake rates; this is believed to be related to the weight-specific surface area of the zooplankter exposed per unit time. The lipid content influences the carrying capacity of the zooplankter or its bloconcentration factor from seawater The same kinetic model can be expanded to include organochlorines asslmllated through feeding on contaminated food. Experimental studies have shown that 'field' levels of contamination in zooplankton can be reached in the lab within days by accumulation from food. The transfer of organochlorines from generation to generation in the lipid-nch eggs of zooplankters is discussed and explored with the l n e t i c model. Juvenile stages are prehcted to contain the highest organochlorine levels after yolk absorption and therefore should expenence the greatest n~ortality. Finally, it is concluded, from consideration of present levels of contamination, that the water column is the present and probably ultimate repository of most organochlorine compounds in the marine environment and that zooplankton play a major role in distributing organochlorines from atmospheric 'fallout' throughout the ocean depths.

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“…Reports of bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms (Wyman and O'Connors, 1980;Eadie and others, 1982;Readman and others, 1982;Conner, 1984) indicate that concentrations in body tissues vary greatly, depending on location, type of compound, species, and concentrations in ambient water and sediments. Much less information is available in the literature on effects of organic pollution on benthic faunal abundance and diversity in estuaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement and fate of creosote waste in ground water, Pensacola, Florida; U.S. Geological Survey toxic waste-ground-water contamination program

1986

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Implications of short-term PCB uptake by small estuarine copepods (genus Acartia) from PCB-contaimined water, inorganic sediments and phytoplankton

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Bioavailability and trophic transfer of humic-bound copper from bacteria to zooplankton

Bioavailability and trophic transfer of humic-bound copper from bacteria to zooplankton

Organochlorine dynamics between zooplankton and their environment, a reassessment

Movement and fate of creosote waste in ground water, Pensacola, Florida; U.S. Geological Survey toxic waste-ground-water contamination program

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