Implications on clinical scenario of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization in regards to photon energy, nanoparticle size, concentration and location

Lechtman, Eli; Chattopadhyay, Niladri; Cai, Zhongli; Mashouf, Shahram; Reilly, Raymond M.; Pignol, Jean-Philippe

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/56/15/001

Cited by 225 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, the clear trend is that sensitisation is seen to varying degrees with different cell types and GNPs preparations. Interestingly, the predicted dose enhancement based on total extra dose deposited due to gold being present, is orders of magnitude less than is actually observed (Lechtman et al, 2011). This is true even of MV X-rays where Compton interactions or pair production dominate and very little extra dose is expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Investigation of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization mechanisms using a free radical scavenger and protons of different energies

et al. 2014

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Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been shown to sensitise cancer cells to X-ray radiation, particularly at kV energies where photoelectric interactions dominate and the high atomic number of gold makes a large difference to X-ray absorption. Protons have a high cross-section for gold at a large range of relevant clinical energies, and so potentially could be used with GNPs for increased therapeutic effect.Here, we investigate the contribution of secondary electron emission to cancer cell radiosensitisation and investigate how this parameter is affected by proton energy and a free radical scavenger. We simulate the emission from a realistic cell phantom containing GNPs after traversal by protons and X-rays with different energies. We find that with a range of proton energies (1 -250 MeV) there is a small increase in secondaries compared to a much larger increase with X-rays. Secondary electrons are known to produce toxic free radicals. Using a cancer cell line in vitro we find that a free radical scavenger has no protective effect on cells containing GNPs irradiated with 3 MeV protons, while it does protect against cells irradiated with X-rays.3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Investigation of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization mechanisms using a free radical scavenger and protons of different energies

et al. 2014

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“…A number of Monte-Carlo simulations of possible clinical scenarios were carried out in the last few years to this purpose [see, for example, (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)]. Such simulations are based on the fact that the transport of ionizing radiation in matter is of random nature and can be described using probabilistic models.…”

Section: The Vagaries Of Dose Enhancement Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted nanoparticles for tumour radiotherapy enhancement—the long dawn of a golden era?

Gargioni¹,

Schulz²,

Raabe³

et al. 2016

Ann. Transl. Med.

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Despite considerable progress in (I) our understanding of the aetiopathology of head and neck cancer and (II) the precise delivery of radiotherapy, long-term survival rates for many patients with head and neck cancer remain disappointingly low. Over the past years, gold nanoparticles (NP) have emerged as promising radiation dose enhancers. In a recent study published in Nanoscale, Popovtzer et al. have used gold NP coated with an antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in an attempt to enhance radiation-induced tumour cell killing in a head and neck cancer xenograft model. They report a significant impact of the combined treatment with radiation and gold NP on tumour growth and suggest an involvement of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and diminished tissue repair. In this perspective, we illustrate the underlying radiobiophysical concepts and discuss some of the challenges associated with this and related nanoparticle-radiotherapy studies from a physics, chemistry, biology and therapy angle. We conclude that strong interdisciplinary collaborations spanning all these areas are crucially important to proceed towards effective cancer treatment with gold NP "from bench to bedside".

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“…So, due to the poorly formed tumor vasculature, the accumulation of unlabeled nanoparticles within the tumor can occur under passive targeting by increasing the effect of permeability and retention (EPR) 38 , 39 . Several other studies demonstrated the effects of GNPs in radiation treatment of the different tumors 33 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoparticle‐based brachytherapy enhancement in choroidal melanoma using a full Monte Carlo model of the human eye

Asadi

Vaezzadeh

Masoudi

et al. 2015

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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The effects of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in 125I brachytherapy dose enhancement on choroidal melanoma are examined using the Monte Carlo simulation technique. Usually, Monte Carlo ophthalmic brachytherapy dosimetry is performed in a water phantom. However, here, the compositions of human eye have been considered instead of water. Both human eye and water phantoms have been simulated with MCNP5 code. These simulations were performed for a fully loaded 16 mm COMS eye plaque containing 13 125I seeds. The dose delivered to the tumor and normal tissues have been calculated in both phantoms with and without GNPs. Normally, the radiation therapy of cancer patients is designed to deliver a required dose to the tumor while sparing the surrounding normal tissues. However, as the normal and cancerous cells absorbed dose in an almost identical fashion, the normal tissue absorbed radiation dose during the treatment time. The use of GNPs in combination with radiotherapy in the treatment of tumor decreases the absorbed dose by normal tissues. The results indicate that the dose to the tumor in an eyeball implanted with COMS plaque increases with increasing GNPs concentration inside the target. Therefore, the required irradiation time for the tumors in the eye is decreased by adding the GNPs prior to treatment. As a result, the dose to normal tissues decreases when the irradiation time is reduced. Furthermore, a comparison between the simulated data in an eye phantom made of water and eye phantom made of human eye composition, in the presence of GNPs, shows the significance of utilizing the composition of eye in ophthalmic brachytherapy dosimetry Also, defining the eye composition instead of water leads to more accurate calculations of GNPs radiation effects in ophthalmic brachytherapy dosimetry.PACS number: 87.53.Jw, 87.85.Rs, 87.10.Rt

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Implications on clinical scenario of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization in regards to photon energy, nanoparticle size, concentration and location

Cited by 225 publications

References 36 publications

Investigation of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization mechanisms using a free radical scavenger and protons of different energies

Investigation of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization mechanisms using a free radical scavenger and protons of different energies

Targeted nanoparticles for tumour radiotherapy enhancement—the long dawn of a golden era?

Gold nanoparticle‐based brachytherapy enhancement in choroidal melanoma using a full Monte Carlo model of the human eye

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