Implicit phonological priming during visual word recognition

Wilson, Lisa B.; Tregellas, Jason R.; Slason, Erin; Pasko, Bryce; Rojas, Donald C.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.12.019

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…While other aspects of language, such as semantics and phonology, can also be processed implicitly (Dehaene et al, 1998; Wilson, Tregallas, Slason, Pasko, & Rojas, 2011), the present data represent the first direct evidence that implicit mechanisms also play a role in the processing of syntax, the core computational component of language. This implicit syntax processing subsystem appears to rely upon neural mechanisms that are dissociable from those mediating explicit syntactic processing, as indicated by the distinct latency and distribution of their associated ERP effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

The Human Brain Processes Syntax in the Absence of Conscious Awareness

2013

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Syntax is the core computational component of language. A longstanding idea about syntactic processing is that it is generally not available to conscious access, operating autonomously and automatically. However, there is little direct neurocognitive evidence on this issue. By measuring event-related potentials while human observers performed a novel cross-modal distraction task, we demonstrated that syntactic violations that were not consciously detected nonetheless produced a characteristic early neural response pattern, and also significantly delayed reaction times to a concurrent task. This early neural response was distinct from later neural activity that was observed only to syntactic violations that were consciously detected. These findings provide direct evidence that the human brain reacts to violations of syntax even when these violations are not consciously detected, indicating that even highly complex computational processes such as syntactic processing can occur outside the narrow window of conscious awareness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

The Human Brain Processes Syntax in the Absence of Conscious Awareness

2013

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“…All primes were presented in uppercase and all targets in lowercase so that the visual form of primes and targets differed. For additional detail of stimuli, with examples, see Wilson et al (2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study in parents of children with ASD utilizing a priming task that we developed in order to investigate the automatic, implicit stages of phonological processing. Behaviorally, priming refers to an increased sensitivity to a stimulus following prior experience with that or a related stimulus and has been used in conjunction with fMRI as a tool to identify brain regions associated with the processing of linguistic stimuli and more specifically phonological processing (Chou et al, 2006; Graves et al, 2008; Haist et al, 2001; Kouider et al, 2010; Kouider et al, 2007; Vaden et al, 2010; Wilson et al, 2011). In order to investigate phonological processing, the task in the present study consisted of prime-target word pairs differing in terms of their phonological relatedness including both word-word homophone (e.g., PAUSE-paws) and pseudoword-word pseudohomophone (e.g., JURM-germ) pairs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonological processing in first‐degree relatives of individuals with autism: An fMRI study

Wilson

Tregellas

Slason

et al. 2012

Human Brain Mapping

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders. Twin studies have provided heritability estimates as high as 90% for idiopathic ASD. Further evidence for the spectrum’s heritability is provided by the presence of the broad autism phenotype (BAP) in unaffected first-degree relatives. Language ability, specifically phonological processing, is proposed to be a core BAP trait. To date, however, no functional neuroimaging investigations of phonological processing in relatives of individuals with ASD have been undertaken. We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study in parents of children with ASD utilizing a priming task probing implicit phonological processing. In our condition that placed heavier demands on phonological recoding, parents exhibited greater hemodynamic responses than controls in a network of cortical regions involved in phonological processing. Across conditions, parents exhibited enhanced priming-induced response suppression suggesting compensatory neural processing. A nonword repetition test used in previous studies of relatives was also administered. Correlations between this measure and our functional measures also suggested compensatory processing in parents. Regions exhibiting atypical responses in parents included regions previously implicated in the spectrum’s language impairments and found to exhibit structural abnormalities in a parent study. These results suggest a possible neurobiological substrate of the phonological deficits proposed to be a core BAP trait. However, these results should be considered preliminary. No previous fMRI study has investigated phonological processing in ASD, so replication is required. Furthermore, interpretation of our fMRI results is limited by the fact that the parent group failed to exhibit behavioral evidence of phonological impairments.

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“…Many studies indeed show that processing written words engages not only orthographic but also phonological and semantic processes (Kiefer and Martens, 2010;Mechelli et al, 2007;Van Orden, 1987;Wheat et al, 2010;Wilson et al, 2011). In the context of interactive connectionist models of word perception, this observation is explained by a spreading of activation throughout a network in which orthography is linked to phonological and semantic information via weighted connections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automaticity of phonological and semantic processing during visual word recognition

Pattamadilok

Chanoine²,

Pallier

et al. 2017

NeuroImage

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A B S T R A C TReading involves activation of phonological and semantic knowledge. Yet, the automaticity of the activation of these representations remains subject to debate. The present study addressed this issue by examining how different brain areas involved in language processing responded to a manipulation of bottom-up (level of visibility) and top-down information (task demands) applied to written words. The analyses showed that the same brain areas were activated in response to written words whether the task was symbol detection, rime detection, or semantic judgment. This network included posterior, temporal and prefrontal regions, which clearly suggests the involvement of orthographic, semantic and phonological/articulatory processing in all tasks. However, we also found interactions between task and stimulus visibility, which reflected the fact that the strength of the neural responses to written words in several high-level language areas varied across tasks. Together, our findings suggest that the involvement of phonological and semantic processing in reading is supported by two complementary mechanisms. First, an automatic mechanism that results from a taskindependent spread of activation throughout a network in which orthography is linked to phonology and semantics. Second, a mechanism that further fine-tunes the sensitivity of high-level language areas to the sensory input in a task-dependent manner.

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Implicit phonological priming during visual word recognition

Cited by 27 publications

References 61 publications

The Human Brain Processes Syntax in the Absence of Conscious Awareness

The Human Brain Processes Syntax in the Absence of Conscious Awareness

Phonological processing in first‐degree relatives of individuals with autism: An fMRI study

Automaticity of phonological and semantic processing during visual word recognition

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