Implicit volition and stereotype control

Egalitarian goals trigger stereotype inhibition: A proactive form of stereotype control

“…Implicitly primed goals can have implicit and explicit effects. Implicit operations can arise from both implicit and explicitly selected (primed) goals (Moskowitz & Ignarri, 2009). discrepancy is said to produce a psychological tension that impels the organism to reduce the tension and approach the standard.…”

“…They also found the multicultural group had a more accurate understanding of the differences that exist between Blacks and Whites. Moskowitz and Ignarri (2009) suggest that because color-blind goals require one to ignore categories, this approach narrows the mind-set with which a perceiver approaches interpersonal perception, and should thus be able to control stereotype activation in two distinct ways. First, by preventing a category from ever being activated (and hence no activation of the stereotype linked to the category).…”

Compensatory cognition associated with egalitarian goals

“…Stereotype activation arises from goals to: understand and control one's environment, predict what a person is likely to do, infer what a person is like, and plan one's own behavior (Lippmann, 1922). These goals are common during interpersonal interaction, and shielding these goals includes the triggering of a compatible goal to stereotype, hence giving stereotype activation its seeming ubiquity (Moskowitz & Ignarri, 2009). However, there are other goals in interpersonal interaction that are also capable of being pursued and aided by goal shielding.…”

“…They found that participants without egalitarian goals had stereotypes of women activated when exposed to images of women, yet people with egalitarian goals 1 Such implicit processes in goal pursuit can occur regardless of whether the goal has been consciously selected or implicitly triggered (what is known as goal priming). Moskowitz and Ignarri (2009) note that this creates four categories of goal pursuit:…”

Learning Empathy Through Virtual Reality: Multiple Strategies for Training Empathy-Related Abilities Using Body Ownership Illusions in Embodied Virtual Reality

“…Analysis of the self-regulation of stereotyping suggests that, in these cases, individuals experience guilt and redirect their behavior (Monteith, 1993;Czopp et al, 2006). Furthermore, the motivation to be consistent with egalitarian goals (Bargh et al, 2001;Moskowitz and Ignarri, 2009) can help individuals control non-empathic behaviors. Nevertheless, a great deal of research has shown that successfully suppressing unwanted thoughts or emotions is exceedingly difficult (Wegner and Erber, 1992;Gross and Levenson, 1993;Neil Macrae et al, 1994;Wegner, 1994;Monteith et al, 1998).…”