Canonical and systematic quality-oriented education of medical metrology for undergraduate students has not been started in colleges and universities. The standardized training and professional cultivation system are also deficient for most medical metrological employees at present. In this study, special funds were invested to develop the teaching laboratory based on the establishment standards of national medical metrology stations. Experienced experts were also invited for the argumentation of curriculum construction and optimization of medical metrology. As a result, two undergraduate courses of medical metrology for the students majoring in Biomedical Engineering (BME) were developed for the first time based on the talent cultivation mode “basic knowledge + practical ability”. An internationally-advanced teaching laboratory for medical metrology was established, and the series textbooks were compiled and published. It is of vital significance to strengthen the curriculum construction of medical metrology for undergraduate students of BME, which may provide beneficial reference for further medical metrological talent cultivation.