Importance of Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes in Protection of Mice against Escherichia coli

Tsuru, Sumiaki; Nomoto, Kikuo; Mitsuyama, Masao; Zinnaka, Yutaka; Takeya, Kenji

doi:10.1099/00221287-122-2-335

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Both blood monocytes and tissue macrophages are selectively sensitive to carrageenan, yet tissue macrophages, except for monocytes, are resistant to X-irradiation (Benacerraf et al, 1959;Kornfeld & Greenman, 1966;Volkman & Collins, 1971;Gillette & Lance, 1973). The relative contribution of the two series of phagocytes, PMN and macrophages, to early protection against bacterial infection has been investigated using their differential susceptibility to X-irradiation and carrageenan (Mitsuyama et al, 1978 ;Tatsukawa et al, 1979;Tsuru et al, 1981). In contrast, little is known of the protective role of such phagocytes in the early phase of generalized virus infection prior to the development of specific immune responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Mechanisms against Pulmonary Infection with Influenza Virus. I. Relative Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and of Alveolar Macrophages to Protection during the Early Phase of Intranasal Infection

Fujisawa

Tsuru

Taniguchi

et al. 1987

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYThe relative contribution of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages in the early protection against intranasal infection of mice with influenza virus was investigated. Virus multiplication in the lung in the early phase of infection with less than 1.5 x 10 3 plaque-forming units was enhanced by X-ray irradiation. The intranasal administration of carrageenan did not influence the titre of virus. However, when mice were infected with 1.5 x 10 4 plaque-forming units, the virus titre was elevated by intranasal administration of carrageenan as well as by X-ray irradiation, but not by intraperitoneal administration of carrageenan. The intranasal administration of carrageenan not only inhibited the phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages but also enhanced susceptibility to the virus. On the other hand, polymorphonuclear leukocytes were capable of phagocytosing the virus in vitro and were non-permissive for virus infection. Neutralizing antibody and interferon were not detectable in the early stage of the infection. These results suggested that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (Xray-sensitive, carrageenan-resistant) were the cells primarily responsible for early protection in influenza virus infection and that after infection with a high dose of the virus alveolar macrophages (X-ray-resistant, carrageenan-sensitive) also played a protective role in the early phase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Mechanisms against Pulmonary Infection with Influenza Virus. I. Relative Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and of Alveolar Macrophages to Protection during the Early Phase of Intranasal Infection

Fujisawa

Tsuru

Taniguchi

et al. 1987

Journal of General Virology

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“…In terms of the relative contributions to early protection against bacterial infection, the roles of phagocytes were investigated using the susceptibilities of PMN to gamma irradiation and carrageenan. Gamma irradiation-sensitive and carrageenan-resistant PMN contributed primarily to early protection against extracellular bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44), Escherichia coli (47), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (22), while protection against intracellular bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes was highly dependent on tissue-fixed gamma-irradiation-resistant and carrageenan-sensitive macrophages (25,44). This is consistent with the observation that early protection against intracellular bacteria is also dependent on PMN, based on an analysis using recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (5,19,40).…”

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confidence: 99%

Neutrophils Play an Essential Role in Cooperation with Antibody in both Protection against and Recovery from Pulmonary Infection with Influenza Virus in Mice

Fujisawa

2008

J Virol

105

109

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by treatment with monoclonal antibody RB6-8C5 both increased the mortality rate and pulmonary virus titers from the early to the late phase after infection and delayed virus elimination in the late phase. The passive transfer of the antiserum to normal mice before or after infection abolished pulmonary virus propagation in the early phase, during 3 days, or rapidly decreased high virus titers in the plateau phase, on days 3 to 5, as well as accelerated virus elimination in the late phase, on day 7, after infection, respectively. The passive transfer of the antiserum to PMN-depleted mice could neither prevent the more rapid virus propagation in the early phase, diminish the higher virus titers in the plateau phase, nor accelerate the markedly delayed virus elimination in the late phase after infection in comparison to those for controls. The antibody responses to the virus began to increase on day 7 after infection in normal and PMN-depleted mice. The prevention of virus replication, cytotoxic activity in virus-infected cell cultures, and phagocytosis of the virus in vitro by PMN were all augmented in the presence of the antiserum. These results indicate that PMN play an essential role in virus elimination in both protection against and recovery from infection, in cooperation with the antibody response.

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“…E. coli (E77156:06:HI) and Listeria monocytogenes strain EGD, prepared as described previously (11,24), were used for the experiments. A suspension of heat-and formalin-killed C. parvum (Propionibacterium avidum) was supplied by Institute Meriuex, Lyon, France, and mice were injected intravenously (i.v.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PMN are reported to be important for host resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24) and Escherichia coli (23), whereas macrophages playa protective role in the early stage of infection with Listeria monocytogenes (II).…”

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Increased Susceptibility to Escherichia coli Infection in Mice Pretreated with Corynebacterium parvum

Yoshikai

Miake

Sano

et al. 1983

Microbiology and Immunology

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The contribution of activated macrophages to protection against Escherichia coli was studied in mice treated intravenously with Corynebacterium paruum 7 days before infection. C. parvum-treated mice showed increased phagocytic activity and enhanced resistance to Listeria infection. In contrast, these mice showed increased susceptibility to a subsequent challenge with E. coli that correlated closely with a reduction in the LDso of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in these mice. The peritoneal macrophages obtained from C. parvum-treated mice had a strong ability to phagocytize and kill E. coli in in vitro experiments. A rapid decline in the number of bacteria in the liver of C. parvum-treated mice was observed in the early period ofinfection. However, the number of bacteria in liver and spleen increased progressively to a lethal dose from 6 hr after infection. At this time, a significant increase in ,a-glucuronidase, a lysosomal acid hydrolase, was found in the serum of these mice. In vitro experiments revealed that the peritoneal macrophages from C. parvum-treated mice were highly susceptible to the cytotoxic effect of LPS after 6 hr of incubation with LPS. It is suggested that the hypersensitivity of activated macrophages to the cytotoxic effect of endotoxin derived from E. coli may be partly responsible for the increased susceptibility of C. parvum-treated mice to E. coli infection.There are distinct morphological and functional differences between polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and macrophages, although both cell types are known to play important roles in the protection against infection with a variety of bacteria (2, 6, 17). PMN are reported to be important for host resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24) and Escherichia coli (23), whereas macrophages playa protective role in the early stage of infection with Listeria monocytogenes (II).Macrophages activated by killed Corynebacterium parvum have been shown to have a high level of lysosomal enzyme activity and an increased capacity to generate oxygen radicals as much as or even more than PMN (12). However, it is not known whether activated macrophages contribute to the host resistance to E. coli infection which depends mainly on the function of PMN.In the present study, the effect of pretreatment of mice with C. parvum on E. coli infection was investigated in an attempt to determine the role of nonspecifically activated macrophages in protection against E. coli infection. Our results show an 273

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Importance of Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes in Protection of Mice against Escherichia coli

Cited by 28 publications

References 1 publication

Protective Mechanisms against Pulmonary Infection with Influenza Virus. I. Relative Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and of Alveolar Macrophages to Protection during the Early Phase of Intranasal Infection

Protective Mechanisms against Pulmonary Infection with Influenza Virus. I. Relative Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and of Alveolar Macrophages to Protection during the Early Phase of Intranasal Infection

Neutrophils Play an Essential Role in Cooperation with Antibody in both Protection against and Recovery from Pulmonary Infection with Influenza Virus in Mice

Increased Susceptibility to Escherichia coli Infection in Mice Pretreated with Corynebacterium parvum

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