Importance of Progesterone to Induction of Sexual Receptivity in Spayed Female Rats.

Beach, Frank A.; Etkin, William; Rasquin, Priscilla

doi:10.3181/00379727-51-13979

Cited by 147 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…When P is administered to OVX rats primed with estra diol, there is a marked increase in the proceptive [2] compo nents of feminine sexual behavior (ear-wiggling and hopdarting) and in the quality of the lordosis posture in re sponse to a mount from a male [1,7,29]. If the translocation of cytosol progestin receptors to the nuclei of brain cells is an important step in the activation of proceptive sexual be havior by P, the amount of nuclear receptor after adminis tration of different doses of P might be correlated with the display of proceptive sexual behavior.…”

Section: Relationship Of Nuclear Progestin Receptors To Proceptive Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Progestin Receptors in Rat Brain and Pituitary

et al. 1982

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Progestin receptors in rat brain and pituitary cell nuclei were measured with an in vitro exchange assay in order to examine the role of estrogen priming and of endogenous and exogenous progesterone in determining the amount of receptor which reaches the nuclear compartment. Progesterone administration causes progestin receptors, demonstrable by exchange, to appear in the cell nuclear fraction from rat pituitary, hypothalamus-preoptic area (HYP-POA), and cerebral cortex, all of which contain cytosol progestin receptor sites. The amount of progestin receptor translocated to nuclei by 1 mg of progesterone increases after estrogen priming in pituitary and HYP-POA, tissues which contain progestin receptors inducible by estradiol. The increase in nuclear progestin receptors after progesterone is proportionally the same in estrogen-primed and in unprimed HYP-POA as well as in the cerebral cortex, where noninducible progestin receptors are found. Further characterization of nuclear progestin receptors reveals that those translocated to cell nuclei are differentialy extracted by 0.4 M KCl and that high estrogen treatment in the absence of progesterone appears to give rise to some progestin receptor translocation to nuclei. The influence of both estrogen priming and progesterone release is evident in HYP-POA and pituitary cell nuclei assay by progestin exchange from rats killed at various stages of the estrous cycle. The amount of nuclear progestin receptor increases from diestrus to noon on proestrus, due apparently to endogenous estrogen priming, since progesterone levels remain the same and cytosol progestin receptors are known to increase in this time. Nuclear progestin receptors increase from noon to 16:30 h on proestrus in parallel with the proestrus rise of progesterone. This increase precedes the normal appearance of estrous behavior on the evening of proestrus. When estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats are given varying doses of progesterone and tested for sexual behavior or killed for progestin receptor exchange assays, nuclear progestin receptors are found to increase in the same way as the dose dependence of proceptive sexual behavior. Thus, the translocation of progestin receptors to MBH-POA cell nuclei may be an important step in the activation of proceptive sexual behavior by progesterone.

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Section: Relationship Of Nuclear Progestin Receptors To Proceptive Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Progestin Receptors in Rat Brain and Pituitary

et al. 1982

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“…This is the case when E2 is given alone or in conjunction with progesterone (P 4). Interestingly, plasma levels o f total androgens have been measured in sex ually receptive females and are typically 8-10 times higher than E ; levels [28],In the majority o f female mammals investigated in the labo ratory, the expression o f sexual behavior is dependent on the presence o f appropriate external and internal conditions, typi cally including sufficient circulating and brain concentrations of ovarian steroids [13,14, 31, 38], In most species, ovariectomy eliminates sexual behavior, while hormone replacement studies have shown that E?, in some species acting synergistically with P4, reinstates sexual behavior to normal levels [2,13, 39], In the few species where sexual behavior persists after ovariectomy, steroids secreted by the adrenal gland may play an important role in the activation o f sexual behavior. In these species, andro gens either in addition to, or in place of, estrogens may regulate the expression o f female sexual behavior [1,12,21, 33].…”

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Role of Androgens in the Regulation of Sexual Behavior in the Female Musk Shrew

1990

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These experiments were conducted to determine whether androgens are involved in the regulation of female sexual behavior in the musk shrew (Suncus murinus). In the musk shrew, sexual behavior can be reinstated after ovariectomy by the administration of supraphysiological doses of either estradiol (E₂) or testosterone. However, physiological doses of E₂ are not effective in this regard. To examine the role of androgens, ovariectomized (OVX) females received testosterone-filled hormone implants. These implants reinstated sexual behavior in a dose-dependent manner. To determine whether the aromatization of androgen is essental for restoration of sexual behavior, the nonaromatizable androgen, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), was administered to OVX females either alone or with an implant containing E₂; sexual behavior was not restored. In the third experiment, gonadally intact females, treated with the aromatization inhibitor l,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione (ATD) exhibited no sexual behavior and had significantly lower levels of aromatase activity in the medial basal hypothalamus/preoptic area than control females. In the last experiment, OVX females implanted with testosterone and given concurrent ATD treatment demonstrated significantly less sexual behavior as compared with controls. These results suggest that either estrogens produced via androgen aromatization in the brain and/or an intermediate product in the aromatization process are involved in the regulation of sexual behavior in the female musk shrew.

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“…A 36-to 48-hour rise in plasma E2 levels is followed by a surge in plasma P levels several hours before the onset of receptivity [28], P activates proceptive behaviors [2,3], such as hop-dart ing and ear-wiggling, and increases the lordosis quotient (LQ) and the lordosis quality score (LS) [1,7] fora period of 6-12 h [17],…”

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confidence: 99%

Progesterone-Like Effects of Estradiol on Reproductive Behavior and Hypothalamic Progestin Receptors in the Female Rat

Parsons¹,

Rainbow²,

Snyder³

et al. 1984

Neuroendocrinology

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During the rat estrous cycle, estradiol (E₂) and progesterone (P) synergize to activate reproductive behavior. However, receptivity and proceptivity can be elicited by E₂ alone in ovariectomized (OVX) animals, particularly when E₂ doses are high. The purpose of this study was to determine the neuroendocrine mechanism by which E₂ elicits P-dependent reproductive behavior. Adult OVX females received estrogen treatment for 72 h, which consisted of 5 mm Silastic capsules containing 100% E₂ or 10% E₂, or of 3 injections of estradiol benzoate (EB; 20 µg daily). At 72 h, some animals were sacrificed for nuclear progestin receptor (NPR) measurements, while others were tested for reproductive behavior. The remaining animals received 1 -mg injections of E₂, P, moxestrol (Mox) or oil, and either were sacrificed 2 h later for NPR measurements or were tested 4 h later for reproductive behavior. A subset of the animals receiving 1 mg E₂ received concurrent administration of the protein synthesis inhibitor, anisomycin (ANI; 100 mg/kg). Acute administration of 1 mg of E₂ or P significantly elevated proceptivity, receptivity and NPRs in the mediobasal hypothalamus-preoptic area (MBH-POA) and pituitary (PIT) in females primed with 100% E₂. An equivalent dose of Mox was without effect. ANI blocked the acute activation of feminine reproductive behavior by 1 mg of E₂. In the absence of acute steroid administration, animals primed for 72 h with EB showed higher levels of reproductive behavior than animals primed with 100% E₂. Likewise, as the dose of estrogen administered in the priming regimen was increased, the level of NPR in the MBH-POA and PIT increased in the absence of acute steroid (EB > 100% E₂ > 10% E₂). These results suggest that the actions of E₂ via estrogen receptors are not by themselves sufficient to activate feminine reproductive behavior in the rat. The display of high levels of proceptivity and receptivity requires the subsequent activation of neural progestin receptors by P or by E₂.

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Importance of Progesterone to Induction of Sexual Receptivity in Spayed Female Rats.

Cited by 147 publications

References 0 publications

Nuclear Progestin Receptors in Rat Brain and Pituitary

Nuclear Progestin Receptors in Rat Brain and Pituitary

Role of Androgens in the Regulation of Sexual Behavior in the Female Musk Shrew

Progesterone-Like Effects of Estradiol on Reproductive Behavior and Hypothalamic Progestin Receptors in the Female Rat

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