Importance of surface crust strength during the flow of the 1988–1990 andesite lava of Lonquimay Volcano, Chile

Kerr, Ross C.; Lyman, Aaron

doi:10.1029/2006jb004522

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previously published values for the crustal yield strength of silicic lavas range from 10 6 to 10 8 Pa (Griffiths and Fink, 1993;Bridges, 1997;Fink and Griffiths, 1998; DeGroat-Nelson et al, 2001; Kerr and Lyman, 2007;Castruccio et al, 2013). Reducing the crustal yield strength by an order of magnitude to 10 7 Pa in the fixed parameter approach (Equations 1, 2) produces a significant increase in modeled lava flow advance rate in the crustal control regime (Figure 11C) compared to the original model ( Figure 9A), and increases the final lava flow length by >1.5 km.…”

Section: Model Sensitivitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The models used in this study are given in Kerr and Lyman (2007) and Castruccio et al (2013), where their derivations are presented in detail. If a lava flow is treated as a Newtonian viscous fluid emplaced into an environment of negligible density, its length L can be given by…”

Section: Flow Length Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where C vs is a constant defined as (3/2) 2/3 = 1.31, g is gravitational acceleration, ρ is lava density, β is the ground slope, q is the volume erupted per unit width of the flow front, t is the elapsed time, and η is the lava viscosity (Table 1; Huppert, 1982;Lister, 1992;Kerr and Lyman, 2007). As a lava flow advances, its surface cools to form a crust of thickness δ, which can be assumed to thicken diffusively as δ ∼(kt) 1/2 (Griffiths and Fink, 1993), where k is the thermal diffusivity.…”

Section: Flow Length Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where C c is an unknown constant of the order 1, and σ c is the crustal yield strength (Griffiths and Fink, 1993;Lyman et al, 2005;Kerr and Lyman, 2007). Equation (2) does not include ground slope because, as a cosβ multiplier term (Griffiths and Fink, 1993), for the low slope angles examined here, it can be assumed cosβ ≈ 1 (Lyman and Kerr, 2006).…”

Section: Flow Length Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Straightforward analytical models to forecast lava flow length have been based on a number of different lava rheologies (Huppert, 1982;Lister, 1992;Kerr and Lyman, 2007;Castruccio et al, 2013). In these models, lava flow advance is assumed to be controlled by either an apparent Newtonian viscosity, a non-Newtonian flow core, or a surface crust of defined strength (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Emplacing a Cooling-Limited Rhyolite Lava Flow: Similarities with Basaltic Lava Flows

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accurate forecasts of lava flow length rely on estimates of eruption and magma properties and, potentially more challengingly, on an understanding of the relative influence of characteristics such as the apparent viscosity, the yield strength of the flow core, or the strength of the lava's surface crust. For basaltic lavas, the relatively high frequency of eruptions has resulted in numerous opportunities to test emplacement models on such low silica lava flows. However, the flow of high silica lava is much less well understood due to the paucity of contemporary events and, if observations of flow length change are used to constrain straightforward models of lava advance, remaining uncertainties can limit the insight gained. Here, for the first time, we incorporate morphological observations from during and after flow field evolution to improve model constraints and reduce uncertainties. After demonstrating the approach on a basaltic lava flow (Mt. Etna 2001), we apply it to the 2011-2012 Cordón Caulle rhyolite lava flow, where unprecedented observations and syn-emplacement satellite imagery of an advancing silica-rich lava flow have indicated an important influence from the lava flow's crust on flow emplacement. Our results show that an initial phase of viscosity-controlled advance at Cordón Caulle was followed by later crustal control, accompanied by formation of flow surface folds and large-scale crustal fractures. Where the lava was unconstrained by topography, the cooled crust ultimately halted advance of the main flow and led to the formation of breakouts from the flow front and margins, influencing the footprint of the lava, its advance rate, and the duration of flow advance. Highly similar behavior occurred in the 2001 Etna basaltic lava flow. In our comparison of these two cases, we find close similarities between the processes controlling the advance of a crystal-poor rhyolite and a basaltic lava flow, suggesting common controlling mechanisms that transcend the profound rheological and compositional differences of the lavas.

show abstract

Section: Model Sensitivitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow Length Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow Length Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow Length Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Emplacing a Cooling-Limited Rhyolite Lava Flow: Similarities with Basaltic Lava Flows

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Channel networks within lava flows: Formation, evolution, and implications for flow behavior

Dietterich

Cashman

2014

JGR Earth Surface

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

New high-resolution maps of Hawaiian lava flows highlight complex topographically controlled channel networks. Network geometries range from distributary systems dominated by branching around local obstacles, to tributary systems constricted by topography. We combine 2-D network analysis tools developed for river systems and neural networks with 3-D lidar morphologic analysis and historical records of flow emplacement to investigate both the origins of channel networks and their influence on flow morphology and behavior. We find that network complexity is a function of underlying slope and that the degree of flow branching, network connectivity, and longevity of individual channels all influence the final flow morphology (flow and channel widths and levee heights). Furthermore, because channel networks govern the distribution of lava supply within a flow, changes in the channel topology can dramatically alter the effective volumetric flux in any one branch, which affects both flow length and advance rate. Specifically, branching will slow and shorten flows, while merging can accelerate and lengthen them. Consideration of channel networks is thus important for predicting lava flow behavior and mitigating flow hazards with diversion barriers. Observed relationships between network geometry, flow parameters, and morphology also offer insight into the interpretation of these features elsewhere on Earth and other terrestrial planets.

show abstract

Role of heat advection in a channeled lava flow with power law, temperature‐dependent rheology

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] The cooling of a lava flow, both in the transient and the steady state, is investigated considering that lava rheology is pseudoplastic and dependent on temperature. Lava exits from the vent with constant velocity and flows down a slope under the effect of gravity force inside a channel of rectangular cross section. We consider that cooling of lava is caused by thermal radiation into the atmosphere and thermal conduction at the channel walls and at the ground. The heat equation is solved numerically in a 3-D computational domain, and the solution is tested to evaluate the numerical errors. We study the steady state and the initial transient period of lava cooling. Results indicate that the advective heat transport significantly modifies the cooling rate of lava, slowing down the cooling process. Since the lava velocity depends on temperature, the cooling rate depends on the effusion temperature. Velocity profiles are modified during cooling showing two marginal static zones where the crust can form and remain stable. The fraction of crust coverage is calculated under the assumption that the solid lava is a plastic body with temperature-dependent yield strength. We numerically confirm that heat advection cannot be neglected in the mechanism of formation of lava tubes.Citation: Filippucci, M., A. Tallarico, and M. Dragoni (2013), Role of heat advection in a channeled lava flow with power law, temperature-dependent rheology,

show abstract

Importance of surface crust strength during the flow of the 1988–1990 andesite lava of Lonquimay Volcano, Chile

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Emplacing a Cooling-Limited Rhyolite Lava Flow: Similarities with Basaltic Lava Flows

Emplacing a Cooling-Limited Rhyolite Lava Flow: Similarities with Basaltic Lava Flows

Channel networks within lava flows: Formation, evolution, and implications for flow behavior

Role of heat advection in a channeled lava flow with power law, temperature‐dependent rheology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About