Importance of Yeast in Ruminants Feeding on Production and Reproduction

Abstract

Abstract:Benefits of yeast supplements for ruminants are shifts in microbial population numbers and species, favorable changes in volatile fatty acids contents of rumen, positive effects on rumen ammonia disappearance, positive effects on rumen pH, promotes metabolism digestion, increase in fiber digestibility and changes in microbial protein and amino acids in large intestine. In addition, benefits of Yeast supplements for ruminants are improving the overall intestinal bacteria balance, reducing digestive problems, lower risk of acidosis and reduction in the humidity of bedding resulting in lower stress levels. Feeding on feed mixture contained Active dry yeast (ADY) improved the appetite of animals which lead to increase the feed intake and consequently increased the daily weight gain of the treated animals. From the physiological point of view, adding ADY caused significant increase the levels of both T 4 and T 3 hormones which lead to increase the protein and fat biosyntheses. Moreover, benefits of yeast supplements for ruminants are increased milk production and improvements in milk quality, improves milk selenium content, reduced mastitis and somatic cell count, less stillbirths, weak neonates, improves fertility, reduced incidence of retained placenta, improved immune response, increases immune resistance, high content in B-vitamins and trace elements, enhances weight gain and feed utilization.

Using ruminally protected and nonprotected active dried yeast as alternatives to antibiotics in finishing beef steers: growth performance, carcass traits, blood metabolites, and fecal Escherichia coli1

“…Feed intake responses of beef cattle to live yeast (LY) supplementation have been variable; some studies reported increased DMI (Robinson, 2010;Habeeb, 2017), whereas, other studies stated a reduction of DMI (Rodrigues et al, 2013;Sartori et al, 2017). Furthermore, there appears to be more studies that report no impact of LY supplementation on DMI than studies that report positive or negative effects (Beauchemin, 2012).…”

Effect of active dry yeast on lactation performance, methane production, and ruminal fermentation patterns in early-lactating Holstein cows

“…As an active yeast product, ADY was reported to scavenge oxygen, increase redox potential, and reduce the accumulation of lactic acid to provide a better ruminal environment for ruminants (Chaucheyras-Durand and Fonty, 2002;Fonty and Chaucheyras-Durand, 2006;Chaucheyras-Durand et al, 2008). Moreover, in dairy cows, ADY was reported to increase DMI and nutrient digestibility, and thus be beneficial for milk production (Habeeb, 2017;Jiang et al, 2017a). In the present study, ADY was added in the diet of earlylactating dairy cows at the doses of 0, 10, 20, and 30 g/d, to investigate the dose effect of ADY on lactation performance and CH 4 emissions.…”

Influence of Yeast Products on Modulating Metabolism and Immunity in Cattle and Swine

“…Yeast was found to change gene expression of immune-related genes in the rumen both prior to and following calving in cows, which may be a means of regulating inflammation and gut barrier integrity during this transition period [ 27 ]. Further, yeast have been found to not only increase cellulolytic bacteria that break down indigestible fiber, but yeast also scavenge oxygen within the rumen, potentially playing another role in stabilizing pH and promoting digestion of fiber-based feedstuffs [ 13 , 20 , 28 , 29 ]. Yeast can also play a role in improving the GI development in cattle and swine, particularly in the pre-weaning and early post-weaning period [ 15 , 30 ], which may provide benefits to the animal throughout the subsequent growth period.…”

“…While not the focus of the current review it is worth mentioning the varying responses of yeast products on performance, specifically dry matter intake (DMI), as this response may affect other metabolic responses to yeast supplementation [ 29 , 77 ]. The increase in feed intake observed in many studies through yeast supplementation may be a result of a decrease in lactic acid, preventing a decrease in rumen pH and subsequently allowing for the growth of fibrolytic and cellulolytic bacteria which improve digestion [ 12 , 29 ], as discussed above. The increase in DMI, therefore, may be one of the driving factors associated with the increase in VFA and glucose production.…”