blocked Zn-induced ERKl/2 and PKB phosphorylation, but AG1478, an inhibitor for EGFR was without effect. In CHO cells overexpressing tyrosine kinase deficient IR (CHO-1018), Zn was still able to induce the phosphorylation ERK1/2 and PKB/Akt, whereas insulin-induced ERK1/2 and PKB/Akt phosphorylation was abolished in these cells.Moreover, Zn had no effect on the tyrosine phosphorylation of IR-p-subunit and IRS-l in CHO-IR cells. Furthermore, in IGF-IR knockout cells, both IGF-l and Zn were unable to stimulate the phosphorylation ofERK1/2 and PKB. Taken together, these data suggest that Zn-induced ERK1/2 and PKB/Akt phosphorylation is independent of IR-or EGFR-PTK, but requires IGF-IR-PTK.