Important agronomic characteristics of yielding ability in common buckwheat; ecotype and ecological differentiation, preharvest sprouting resistance, shattering resistance, and lodging resistance

Morishita, Toshikazu; Hara, Takahiro; Hara, Takashi

doi:10.1270/jsbbs.19020

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The minimum mean values were seen in accession ´MC 060´, at 78.00 ± 4.94 cm in 2019, and ´Krupinka´ in 2020, with an even lower height of 68.50 ± 3.30 cm. Moreover, one of the common breeding goals related to PH is lodging resistance and breeding new semi-dwarf common buckwheat varieties [ 34 ]. PH can also be regulated by plant density and level of nitrogen fertilization, which improve photosynthetic capacity and increase production [ 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding Buckwheat for Nutritional Quality in the Czech Republic

Janovská

Jágr

Svoboda

et al. 2021

Plants

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Buckwheat is a nutritionally valuable crop, an alternative to common cereals also usable in gluten-free diets. The selection of buckwheat genotypes suitable for further breeding requires the characterization and evaluation of genetic resources. The main objective of this work was to evaluate selected phenotypic and morphological traits using international buckwheat descriptors, including total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, on a unique set of 136 common buckwheat accessions grown in 2019–2020 under Czech Republic conditions. In addition, UHPLC-ESI- MS/MS was used to analyze a wide spectrum of 20 phenolic compounds in buckwheat seeds, including four flavanols, three phenolic acids, seven flavonols, four flavones, and two flavanones. Significant differences among years and genotypes were observed for morphological traits (plant height and 1000-seed weight) and antioxidant activity, as well as levels of observed chemical compounds. Antioxidant activity, crude protein content, plant height and rutin content were characterized by higher mean values in 2020 than in 2019 and vice versa for total polyphenol content and 1000-seed weight. Crude protein content was the most stable across years, while total polyphenol content and rutin content varied greatly from year to year. The most abundant phenolic compounds were rutin, hyperoside, epicatechin, catechin, vitexin, isovitexin, orientin and isoorientin. Protein content was negatively correlated with plant height, catechin and epicatechin content. On the other hand, AA and TPC were positively correlated with rutin, hyperoside and chlorogenic acid. Five accessions showed high stability of the evaluated traits under changing conditions within both years of observation. These materials can be used in breeding programmes aimed at improving buckwheat genotypes with emphasis on quality traits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding Buckwheat for Nutritional Quality in the Czech Republic

Janovská

Jágr

Svoboda

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Hara, Shima, Nagai and Ohsawa an intermediate ecotype (Hara and Ohsawa 2013, Matano and Ujihara 1979, Minami and Namai 1986, Morishita et al 2020, Ujihara and Matano 1978. In line with this hypothesis, the genetic and phenotypic diversities of summer-ecotype (high-latitude) landraces tend to be lower than those of autumn-ecotype (low-latitude) landraces, and the genetic structure differs between summer and autumn ecotypes (Hara and Ohsawa 2013, Iwata et al 2005, Michiyama and Hayashi 1998, Onda and Takeuchi 1942.…”

Section: Previewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common buckwheat is cultivated throughout most of Japan, and is classified into autumn, intermediate autumn, intermediate summer and summer ecotypes based on the adaptability of the cultivar to the environment in each area. The characteristics of each ecotype and the hypothesis that the ecotype is determined by photoperiod sensitivity have been reviewed by Morishita et al (2020). Because the yield of an ecotype inappropriate for an environment is low (Nagase 2001), choosing the correct ecotypes or improving the suitable ecotype is important for cultivation of common buckwheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of photoperiod sensitivity associated with difference in ecotype in common buckwheat

et al. 2020

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Ecotype breeding is a key technology in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) for the breeding of highly adaptive cultivars and their introduction to other cultivation areas. However, the details of the relationship between photoperiod sensitivity and ecotype remain unclear. Here, we evaluated photoperiod sensitivity in 15 landraces from different parts of Japan, and analyzed quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for photoperiod sensitivity using two F 2 segregating populations derived from the crosses between self-compatible lines ('Kyukei SC2' or 'Buckwheat Norin PL1', early days-to-flowering) and allogamous plants (intermediate or late days-to-flowering). We clarified that (1) photoperiod sensitivity and differences in ecotype are closely related; (2) photoperiod sensitivity is controlled by several QTLs common among population of different ecotypes; and (3) orthologues of GIGANTEA and EARLY FLOWERING 3 will be useful markers in future detailed elucidation of the photoperiod sensitivity mechanism in common buckwheat. This study provides the basis for genomics-assisted breeding for local adaptation and ecotype breeding in common buckwheat.

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“…Factors such as low resistance to excessive water, lodging, and pre-harvest sprouting occurring before flowering affect buckwheat yield, which is low and variable [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum

Hornyák

Słomka

Sychta

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Despite abundant flowering throughout the season, common buckwheat develops a very low number of kernels probably due to competition for assimilates. We hypothesized that plants with a shorter flowering period may give a higher seed yield. To verify the hypothesis, we studied nutrient stress in vitro and in planta and analyzed different embryological and yield parameters, including hormone profile in the flowers. In vitro cultivated flowers on media with strongly reduced nutrient content demonstrated a drastic increase in degenerated embryo sacs. In in planta experiments, where 50% or 75% of flowers or all lateral ramifications were removed, the reduction of the flower competition by half turned out to be the most promising treatment for improving yield. This treatment increased the frequency of properly developed embryo sacs, the average number of mature seeds per plant, and their mass. Strong seed compensation under 50% inflorescence removal could result from increased production of salicylic and jasmonic acid that both favor more effective pollinator attraction. Plants in single-shoot cultivation finished their vegetation earlier, and they demonstrated greater single seed mass per plant than in control. This result suggests that plants of common buckwheat with shorter blooming period could deliver higher seed yield.

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Important agronomic characteristics of yielding ability in common buckwheat; ecotype and ecological differentiation, preharvest sprouting resistance, shattering resistance, and lodging resistance

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Breeding Buckwheat for Nutritional Quality in the Czech Republic

Breeding Buckwheat for Nutritional Quality in the Czech Republic

Genetic analysis of photoperiod sensitivity associated with difference in ecotype in common buckwheat

Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum

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