Imported malaria among African immigrants: is there still a relationship between developed countries and their ex-colonies?

Millet, Joan-Pau; Olalla, Patricia García de; Gascón, Joaquím; Prat, Jordi; Treviño, Begoña; Pinazo, María Jesús; Cabezos, Juan; Muñóz, José; Zarzuela, Francesc; Caylà, Joan A.

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-111

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Strategies proposed for increasing VFR utilization of the medical system and changing behaviors when abroad include promoting health education in the population, more effective healthcare personnel training, developing specific prevention programs, and increased epidemiology research. 13 Improving compliance with anti-malarial prophylaxis will likely require a multi-dimensional approach that involve both health care services and the target population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Rates of Misdiagnosis in Pediatric Patients Versus Adults Hospitalized With Imported Malaria

Goldman‐Yassen

Mony

Arguin

et al. 2016

Pediatric Emergency Care

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Objectives Despite the availability of effective anti-malarial prophylaxis, imported adult and pediatric malaria occurs in the United States and this can pose diagnostic issues. We examined the clinical characteristics and diagnostic challenges of imported malaria requiring adult or pediatric inpatient admission at Montefiore Medical Center (MMC) in the Bronx which provides care for a large population of immigrants from malaria endemic areas. Study Design We conducted a retrospective single center review of patients admitted with a diagnosis of malaria at MMC from 2005 through 2012. We extracted historical, clinical, and laboratory values from the electronic medical record and patient charts. Results We identified 95 patients who were diagnosed and hospitalized with malaria from 2005–2012, 33 (35%) of them children and 17 (18%) with severe malaria. Most patients contracted malaria while visiting friends and relatives (VFR) in West Africa. Only 38% of travelers took prophylaxis, and fewer than half reported taking it as prescribed. Misdiagnosis by emergency room or primary care doctors was observed in almost one quarter of all of the patients. Misdiagnosis occurred significantly more frequently in children (43%) compared to adults (13%) (p=0.002). Pediatric patients were more likely to present with abdominal pain (42% vs 15%, p=0.005). Conclusions Pediatric patients admitted for imported malaria at MMC had a higher rate of misdiagnosis and presented with more gastrointestinal symptoms than hospitalized adults. By describing the clinical characteristics of patients with imported malaria, we hope to improve diagnostic accuracy by healthcare workers and raise awareness that VFRs may require more intensive pre-travel counseling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Rates of Misdiagnosis in Pediatric Patients Versus Adults Hospitalized With Imported Malaria

Goldman‐Yassen

Mony

Arguin

et al. 2016

Pediatric Emergency Care

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“…These areas are mainly in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Equatorial Guinea, a former Spanish colony [20,50,51]. Other countries, such as France, Italy and the United Kingdom, have also seen a greater number of imported malaria cases from former colonies with which they have historical and economic ties [52,53]. Among international travellers, some cases are also associated with travel to Latin America and Asia [54].…”

Section: Imported Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Malaria in Spain in a Global Change Context

Sousa

Alba

Vetter³

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

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Malaria is one of the most cited vector-borne infectious diseases by climate change expert panels. Malaria vectors often need water sheets or wetlands to complete the disease life cycle. The current context of population mobility and global change requires detailed monitoring and surveillance of malaria in all countries. This study analysed the spatiotemporal distribution of death and illness cases caused by autochthonous and imported malaria in Spain during the 20th and 21st centuries using multidisciplinary sources, Geographic Information System (GIS) and geovisualisation. The results obtained reveal that, in the 20th and 21st centuries, malaria has not had a homogeneous spatial distribution. Between 1916 and 1930, 77% of deaths from autochthonous malaria were concentrated in only 20% of Spanish provinces; in 1932, 88% of patients treated in anti-malarial dispensaries were concentrated in these same provinces. These last data reveal the huge potential that anti-malarial dispensaries could have as a tool to reconstruct historical epidemiology. Spanish autochthonous malaria has presented epidemic upsurge episodes, especially those of 1917–1922 and 1939–1944, influenced by armed conflict, population movement and damaged health and hygiene conditions. Although meteorological variables have not played a key role in these epidemic episodes, they contributed by providing suitable conditions for their intensification. After the eradication of autochthonous malaria in 1961, imported malaria cases began to be detected in 1973, reaching more than 700 cases per year at the end of the second decade of the 21st century. Therefore, consistent and detailed historical studies are necessary to better understand the drivers that have led to the decline and elimination of malaria in Europe and other temperate countries.

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“…Un total de 15 estudios describían las características de los casos de malaria importada en inmigrantes 3,[9][10][11][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] . La mayor parte procedían del África Subsahariana (85-96%), seguido de Asia (3-13%) y Latinoamérica (0,5-8,7%) siendo P. falciparum la especie más frecuente (55-94%), seguido de P.vivax (2-30%)que fue la espe-cie más frecuente en los inmigrantes de América Latina (71%) y Asia (69%) 31,32 .…”

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“…La mayor parte procedían del África Subsahariana (85-96%), seguido de Asia (3-13%) y Latinoamérica (0,5-8,7%) siendo P. falciparum la especie más frecuente (55-94%), seguido de P.vivax (2-30%)que fue la espe-cie más frecuente en los inmigrantes de América Latina (71%) y Asia (69%) 31,32 . Guinea Ecuatorial fue el país que contribuyó en mayor medida a los casos de malaria importada procedente de África comparando con el resto de países de la región (57% versus 42%) 29,38 .…”

Section: Figura 1 Proceso De Selección De Estudios Publicados Que Abounclassified

Parasitosis importadas en la población inmigrante en España

Balagué

Prat

Ortiz-Barreda

et al. 2014

Rev. Esp. Salud Publica

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Imported malaria among African immigrants: is there still a relationship between developed countries and their ex-colonies?

Abstract: Background: The objective of this study was to compare cases of imported malaria originating from the Spanish ex-colony of Equatorial Guinea (EG) with those originating from the rest of Africa (RA).

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Higher Rates of Misdiagnosis in Pediatric Patients Versus Adults Hospitalized With Imported Malaria

Higher Rates of Misdiagnosis in Pediatric Patients Versus Adults Hospitalized With Imported Malaria

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Malaria in Spain in a Global Change Context

Parasitosis importadas en la población inmigrante en España

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