Imported paracoccidioidomycosis in Spain

Ginarte, Manuel; Pereiro, Manuel; Toribio, Jaime

doi:10.1046/j.0933-7407.2003.00914.x

Cited by 24 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis considered an important cause of mortality and morbidity in most Latin American countries, especially in Brazil. Sporadic cases have been reported in European countries, United States of America (USA) and Japan, in individuals coming from endemic areas [ 1 – 5 ]. It is caused by the fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides ( Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii ) [ 6 , 7 ], which share the same thermo-dimorphic features, developing as mycelium at room temperature and as yeast at body temperature [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Identification in Tegumentary Lesions of Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis and Different Patterns of NETs Generation In Vitro

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis, endemic in most Latin American countries, especially in Brazil. It is caused by the thermo-dimorphic fungus of the genus Paracoccidioides (Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii). Innate immune response plays a crucial role in host defense against fungal infections, and neutrophils (PMNs) are able to combat microorganisms with three different mechanisms: phagocytosis, secretion of granular proteins, which have antimicrobial properties, and the most recent described mechanism called NETosis. This new process is characterized by the release of net-like structures called Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), which is composed of nuclear (decondensed DNA and histones) and granular material such as elastase. Several microorganisms have the ability of inducing NETs formation, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, viruses and some fungi. We proposed to identify NETs in tegumentary lesions of patients with PCM and to analyze the interaction between two strains of P. brasiliensis and human PMNs by NETs formation in vitro. In this context, the presence of NETs in vivo was evidenced in tegumentary lesions of patients with PCM by confocal spectrum analyzer. Furthermore, we showed that the high virulent P. brasiliensis strain 18 (Pb18) and the lower virulent strain Pb265 are able to induce different patterns of NETs formation in vitro. The quantification of extracellular DNA corroborates the idea of the ability of P. brasiliensis in inducing NETs release. In conclusion, our data show for the first time the identification of NETs in lesions of patients with PCM and demonstrate distinct patterns of NETs in cultures challenged with fungi in vitro. The presence of NETs components both in vivo and in vitro open new possibilities for the detailed investigation of immunity in PCM.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Identification in Tegumentary Lesions of Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis and Different Patterns of NETs Generation In Vitro

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One report of PCM with involvement of the central nervous system was successfully treated with itraconazole [32], while a similar case was not [33]. Treatment of a multifocal case of PCM, refractive to treatment with either trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole or ketoconazole was successful with itraconazole [12], while fluconazole (a six-month treatment) was the drug of choice in three imported cases of PCM in Spanish travellers to South America [34]. Often, itraconazole treatment follows an initial procedure with amphotericin B [35].…”

Section: Classic Antifungal Drugs For the Treatment Of Paracoccidioidmentioning

confidence: 97%

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Paracoccidioidomycosis, and Antifungal Antibiotics

Visbal¹,

San-Blas²,

Murgich³

et al. 2005

CDTID

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a human systemic, chronic and progressive mycosis. Preferred antifungals are sulfamethoxazol-trimethoprim, itraconazole, amphotericin B. Treatment is lengthy, the drugs may have undesirable side effects, and some are costly. Occasional resistant strains have been reported. Therefore, the search for more selective and efficient antifungals to treat this and other mycoses continues. Ajoene, chemically derived from garlic, behaves as an antifungal agent against P. brasiliensis and other fungi. Its antiproliferative effects in P. brasiliensis are associated with a reduction of phosphatidyl choline, a concomitant increase in its precursor phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and a large increase in unsaturated fatty acids in the pathogenic yeast phase. The sterol biosynthetic pathway has been largely studied for the search of antifungals. Azoles and allilamines act on differents steps of this pathway. However, they may interfere with similar steps in the host. Hence, the search for drugs that may act on more specific steps is ongoing. One such step focuses on the sterol C-methylations catalyzed by the enzyme (S)-adenosyl-L-methionine: Delta(24) - sterol methyl transferase (SMT). SMT inhibitors such as azasterols and derivatives (AZA1, AZA2, AZA3) have proven highly effective as antiproliferative agents against protozoa and some fungi, among them, P. brasiliensis. Their chemical synthesis and structure, and their molecular electrostatic potential are discussed in order to understand their mechanism of action, and derive rationally designed improvements on these molecules, that would favour a higher efficacy and selectivity.

show abstract

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Restrepo¹,

González²,

Agudelo³

2010

Essentials of Clinical Mycology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Imported paracoccidioidomycosis in Spain

Abstract: The report deals with three patients, who developed paracoccidioidomycosis in Europe after having been in South America 50, 25 and 38 years before, respectively. The conditions for the long period of quiescent infection and for the late manifestations are discussed.

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Identification in Tegumentary Lesions of Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis and Different Patterns of NETs Generation In Vitro

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Identification in Tegumentary Lesions of Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis and Different Patterns of NETs Generation In Vitro

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Paracoccidioidomycosis, and Antifungal Antibiotics

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About