Imported rocket salad partly responsible for increased incidence of hepatitis A cases in Sweden, 2000-2001

Nygård, Karin; Andersson, Yvonne; Lindkvist, Pille; Ancker, C; Asteberg, I; Dannetun, Eva; Eitrem, R; Hellström, L; Insulander, Mona; Skedebrant, L; Stenqvist, Karin; Jg, Giesecke

doi:10.2807/esm.06.10.00380-en

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…; Public Health Laboratory Service ), except for one outbreak that took place in Canada, in 1997 (Nygård et al . ) and one in North America (Gaulin et al . ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral outbreaks linked to fresh produce consumption: a systematic review

et al. 2018

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The number of reported illnesses linked to fresh produce has increased in several countries. Consumption of contaminated fresh produce represents a risk to public health in both developed and developing countries, but the impact will be disproportionate and likely to compound existing health disparities. For this reason, all countries should systematically collate and report such data through a disease surveillance system, in order to adopt risk management practices for reducing the likelihood of contamination.

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“…; Public Health Laboratory Service ), except for one outbreak that took place in Canada, in 1997 (Nygård et al . ) and one in North America (Gaulin et al . ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Nygård et al . ) have all been implicated. Fresh produce contributes to the transmission of viral infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral outbreaks linked to fresh produce consumption: a systematic review

et al. 2018

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“…HAV can, via sewage discharge, contaminate soil, food crops and natural watercourses (Bosch, ; Cook & Rzeżutka, ). Consequently, food (Pebody et al ., ; Hutin et al ., ; Lees, ; Dentinger et al ., ; Nygård et al ., ; Greening, ) and drinking water (Divizia et al ., ; Tallon et al ., ) are considered major vehicles of HAV transmission to humans. In an epidemiological investigation, 6.5% of acute cases of hepatitis A were identified as food‐ or water‐borne; however, this figure is probably an underestimate, because a considerable proportion of cases (~68%) remain uncharacterized (Daniels et al ., ).…”

Section: Introduction: Main Food and Environmental Virus Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus hazards from food, water and other contaminated environments

et al. 2012

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Numerous viruses of human or animal origin can spread in the environment and infect people via water and food, mostly through ingestion and occasionally through skin contact. These viruses are released into the environment by various routes including water run-offs and aerosols. Furthermore, zoonotic viruses may infect humans exposed to contaminated surface waters. Foodstuffs of animal origin can be contaminated, and their consumption may cause human infection if the viruses are not inactivated during food processing. Molecular epidemiology and surveillance of environmental samples are necessary to elucidate the public health hazards associated with exposure to environmental viruses. Whereas monitoring of viral nucleic acids by PCR methods is relatively straightforward and well documented, detection of infectious virus particles is technically more demanding and not always possible (e.g. human norovirus or hepatitis E virus). The human pathogenic viruses that are most relevant in this context are nonenveloped and belong to the families of the Caliciviridae, Adenoviridae, Hepeviridae, Picornaviridae and Reoviridae. Sampling methods and strategies, first-choice detection methods and evaluation criteria are reviewed.

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“…Several epidemiological studies have associated viral hepatitis A infections with the consumption of fecally contaminated raw vegetables or drinking water Long et al, 2002;Nygard et al, 2001;Hernandez et al, 1997). In 2010 and 2011 two outbreaks of foodborne hepatitis A were reported in the Netherlands and England, respectively (Carvalho et al, 2012;Petrignani et al, 2010).…”

Section: Foodborne Human Pathogenic Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella and Tomatoes

Bartz¹,

Marvasi²,

Teplitski³

2014

The Produce Contamination Problem

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Academic Press is an imprint of ElsevierNo part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier's Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: permissions@elsevier.com. Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material NoticeNo responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made British Library Cataloguing in Publication DataA catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataA catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Printed and bound in the United States PART 3 CONTAMINATION AVOIDANCE PRE AND POSTHARVEST CHAPTER 15 Produce Contamination Issues in Mexico and CHAPTER 16 Regulatory Issues in Europe RegardingFresh PART 4 TECHNOLOGY FOR REDUCTION OF HUMAN PATHOGENS IN FRESH PRODUCE PrefaceThe premise of the book is that once human pathogen contamination of fresh produce occurs, it is extremely difficult to reduce pathogen levels sufficiently with currently available technologies based on washing with sanitizing agents to assure microbiological safety. Outbreaks since the first edition of this book was published have been attributed to consumption of fresh commodities including but not limited to cantaloupes, mangoes, tomatoes, seed sprouts, and salad greens. Globally extensive research, published in thousands of scientific papers and documents, has focused on the microbiological safety of fresh produce. Disinfection methods whether conventional or based on new innovative technology fail to reduce pathogen loads on produce to levels consistent with product safety.Produce decontamination methods are surprisingly similar in the level of reductions in pathogens they achieve. Methods that are effective, irradiation and high pressure, are either not accepted by a large segment of consumers or not practical for all types of fresh produce. The intrinsic interaction of microbes with plant tissues, internalization, biofilm formation, and association with inaccessible sites contributes to the insufficient reduction in microbial populations to assure product safety. The key to improving the microbial safety of fresh products is the development of wiser strategies to avoid human pathogen contamination of the products rather than focusing on disinfect...

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Imported rocket salad partly responsible for increased incidence of hepatitis A cases in Sweden, 2000-2001

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Viral outbreaks linked to fresh produce consumption: a systematic review

Viral outbreaks linked to fresh produce consumption: a systematic review

Virus hazards from food, water and other contaminated environments

Salmonella and Tomatoes

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