Improved Aluminum Adjuvants Eliciting Stronger Immune Response When Mixed with Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigens

Wang, Zhi-Biao; Li, Shuxiang; Shan, Pu; Wei, Duoqian; Hao, Shaojie; Zhang, Zhuan; Xu, Jing

doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c04266

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…By promoting the Th1/Th2 response, the adjuvanticity of polysaccharides for the influenza vaccine was improved ( Li Q. X. et al, 2022 ). The most widely used aluminum adjuvant is unable to effectively induce Th1 cellular immunity ( Wang Z. B. et al, 2022 ), which was also demonstrated in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Improvement influenza vaccine immune responses with traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients

Zhao

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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The current influenza vaccines are unable to provide effective protection in many cases, like influenza viruses strain antigenic drift or shift, and the influenza continues to cause significant annual morbidity and mortality. Improving the immune response to influenza vaccination is an unmet need. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active ingredients are commonly known to have immunomodulatory properties. We therefore compared influenza vaccination alone or formulated with Astragali Radix (Huangqi in Chinese), and several representative ingredients of TCM, including lentinan (polysaccharide), panax notoginseng saponins (saponin), breviscapine (flavone), andrographolide (terpenoid), and a Chinese herbal compound (kangai) for their potential to enhance immune responses to influenza vaccine in mice. We found that all these TCM-adjuvants were able to increase hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titers, splenocyte proliferation, splenic T cell differentiation, bone marrow dendritic cell maturity, and both Th1 and Th2 cytokine secretion of influenza vaccine to varying degrees, and that had the characteristics of no excessive inflammatory responses and bidirectional regulation simultaneously. Taken together, our findings show that Astragali Radix exerts a more comprehensive effect on vaccine immunity, on both innate and adaptive immunity. The effects of lentinan and andrographolide on adaptive immunity were more significant, while the effects of breviscapine on innate immunity were stronger, and the other two TCM adjuvants were weaker. As the first report of a comprehensive evaluation of TCM adjuvants in influenza vaccines, the results suggest that TCM and their active ingredients are good candidates for enhancing the immune response of influenza vaccines, and that suitable TCMs can be selected based on the adjuvant requirements of different vaccines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Improvement influenza vaccine immune responses with traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients

Zhao

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Therefore, an appropriate adjuvant is necessary to further promote a cellular immune response. At present, the most commonly used aluminum adjuvants can only stimulate a humoral immune response, which is not effective against intracellular bacterial vaccines [ 11 ]. Many other efficient adjuvants have been developed that induce strong and specific immune responses, particularly cellular immune responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Immune Response of Bioconjugate Nanovaccine by Loading of CpG through Click Chemistry

Li²,

Li³

et al. 2023

JPM

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CpG is a widely used adjuvant that enhances the cellular immune response by entering antigen-presenting cells and binding with receptors. The traditional physical mixing of the antigen and CpG adjuvant results in a low adjuvant utilization rate. Considering the efficient delivery capacity of nanovaccines, we developed an attractive strategy to covalently load CpG onto the nanovaccine, which realized the co-delivery of both CpG and the antigen. Briefly, the azide-modified CpG was conjugated to a bioconjugate nanovaccine (NP-OPS) against Shigella flexneri through a simple two-step reaction. After characterization of the novel vaccine (NP-OPS-CpG), a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed, including in vivo imaging, lymph node sectioning, and dendritic cell stimulation, and the results showed that more CpG reached the lymph nodes after covalent coupling. Subsequent flow cytometry analysis of lymph nodes from immunized mice showed that the cellular immune response was greatly promoted by the nanovaccine coupled with CpG. Moreover, by analyzing the antibody subtypes of immunized mice, NP-OPS-CpG was found to further promote a Th1-biased immune response. Thus, we developed an attractive method to load CpG on a nanovaccine that is simple, convenient, and is especially suitable for immune enhancement of vaccines against intracellular bacteria.

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Overview of the immune system and introduction to vaccines

Hillery

2025

mRNA Therapeutics

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Improved Aluminum Adjuvants Eliciting Stronger Immune Response When Mixed with Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigens

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Improvement influenza vaccine immune responses with traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients

Improvement influenza vaccine immune responses with traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients

Enhancement of Immune Response of Bioconjugate Nanovaccine by Loading of CpG through Click Chemistry

Overview of the immune system and introduction to vaccines

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