The short in vivo half-life of IFN-γ can prevent the cytokine from inducing immunological changes that are favorable for the treatment of Th2-dominant diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. To examine whether a sustained supply of IFN-γ is effective in regulating the balance of Th lymphocyte subpopulations, plasmid vector encoding mouse IFN-γ, pCpG-Muγ, or pCMV-Muγ was injected into the tail vein of NC/Nga mice, a model for human atopic dermatitis. A single hydrodynamic injection of a CpG motif reduced pCpG-Muγ at a dose of 0.14 μg/mouse resulted in a sustained concentration of IFN-γ in the serum, and the concentration was maintained at >300 pg/ml over 80 d. The pCpG-Muγ–mediated IFN-γ gene transfer was associated with an increase in the serum concentration of IL-12, reduced production of IgE, and inhibition of mRNA expression of IL-4, -5, -10, -13, and -17 and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in the spleen. These immunological changes were not clearly observed in mice receiving two injections of 20 μg pCMV-Muγ, a CpG-replete plasmid DNA, because of the transient nature of the expression from the vector. The mice receiving pCpG-Muγ showed a significant reduction in the severity of skin lesions and in the intensity of their scratching behavior. Furthermore, high transepidermal water loss, epidermal thickening, and infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinophils, all of which were obvious in the untreated mice, were significantly inhibited. These results indicate that an extraordinary sustained IFN-γ expression induces favorable immunological changes, leading to a Th1-dominant state in the atopic dermatitis model.