2014
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1340919
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Improved Conditions for the Proline-Catalyzed Aldol Reaction of Acetone with Aliphatic Aldehydes

Abstract: The proline-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reaction between aliphatic aldehydes and acetone has, to date, remained underdeveloped. Challenges in controlling this reaction include avoiding undesired side reactions such as aldol condensation and self-aldolization. In recent years we have developed optimized conditions, which enable high yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities, and which are presented in this communication

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Cited by 22 publications
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“…A peculiar case was represented by ionic liquids (ILs) [67][68][69][70][71][72], which allowed in a few cases to decrease the catalyst loading (up to 1 mol%) and, during the work-up, to confine proline in a separate phase, enabling a simple product isolation and the reuse of the catalytic system. In recent literature, attempts are reported where proline is used in acetone/CHCl 3 mixtures [73], in DMF at 4 • C (a condition that often requires several days) [74], in tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) [75], in deep eutectic solvents [76,77], or under solvent-free conditions, with [78][79][80] or without [81] the ball milling approach. However, many issues associated with the use of proline remain unsolved and polar aprotic solvents are characterized by several undesirable features (toxicity, high production cost, high environmental impact, difficult product recovery) [82][83][84].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A peculiar case was represented by ionic liquids (ILs) [67][68][69][70][71][72], which allowed in a few cases to decrease the catalyst loading (up to 1 mol%) and, during the work-up, to confine proline in a separate phase, enabling a simple product isolation and the reuse of the catalytic system. In recent literature, attempts are reported where proline is used in acetone/CHCl 3 mixtures [73], in DMF at 4 • C (a condition that often requires several days) [74], in tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) [75], in deep eutectic solvents [76,77], or under solvent-free conditions, with [78][79][80] or without [81] the ball milling approach. However, many issues associated with the use of proline remain unsolved and polar aprotic solvents are characterized by several undesirable features (toxicity, high production cost, high environmental impact, difficult product recovery) [82][83][84].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%