Improved CuSO4 HV pulse divider

Li, Zheng‐ying

doi:10.1063/1.1139706

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Consequently, for the high-voltage UWB pulse termination load, a fast response time, low-inductance with a wide frequency bandwidth ( f c ), at least up to 2.5 GHz for sub-nanosecond pulses of rise times (t r ) down to 140 picosecond, f c = 0.35 t r [29], and high insulation properties must be achieved simultaneously. Several measurements systems based on a voltage divider and a matched load have been published [2,24,28,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. However, three main issues can be identified in the termination load devices used in these setups:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Simulation, and Fabrication of a 500 kV Ultrawideband Coaxial Matched Load and Its Connectors for Fast Transient Pulse Measurement Systems

Khan,

Agazar,

Le Bihan

2023

Energies

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In the past few decades, Pulsed Power (PP) has been one of the fastest growing technologies, with more and more systems frequently emerging in domains such as civil, medical and military. These systems are based on high-voltage pulses, up to several hundreds of kilovolts, with temporal parameters ranging from microsecond levels to sub-nanosecond levels. One of the biggest challenges in this technology is the accurate and precise measurement of the generated PP. The PP measurement systems must possess high-voltage and wideband properties simultaneously, which is often conflicting. The central elements of a PP measurement system are a voltage divider and a termination load. The work presented in this article is dedicated to the second element of the PP measurement system. This paper describes the development of a 50 Ω coaxial termination load and its connectors for a high power ultrawideband (UWB) pulse measurement systems. The principle roles of these devices are to serve as a dummy matched load for the former and to facilitate the connections between different components of the pulse measurement system for the latter. These devices are designed to withstand pulse voltage amplitudes at least up to 500 kV with temporal parameters, such as rise time and pulse duration, varying from nanosecond to sub-nanosecond ranges. The main challenge in the development of a high-voltage UWB termination load is the tradeoff between the high-voltage and wideband characteristics, both of them requiring opposite dimensional aspects for the load device. This challenge is overcame by the special exponential geometry of the load device. The design employs a 30 cm long low-inductance tubular ceramic 50 Ω resistor, enclosed in a critically dimensioned shielding conductor of an exponential inner profile. This shrinking coaxial structure makes it possible to maintain a good level of matching all along the 50 Ω load. The results obtained through 3D electromagnetic modeling and vector network analyzer measurements show good agreement and confirm the reflection coefficient below −27 dB up to at least 2.5 GHz for the load device. Moreover, calculations demonstrate that the load device is very well adapted for nanosecond and sub-nanosecond pulses with voltage peaks as high as 500 kV. These results demonstrate the high-voltage and UWB properties of the developed load device and prove the utilization of this device in the measurement systems for the accurate and precise measurements of the PP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Simulation, and Fabrication of a 500 kV Ultrawideband Coaxial Matched Load and Its Connectors for Fast Transient Pulse Measurement Systems

Khan,

Agazar,

Le Bihan

2023

Energies

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“…Low capacitance, good stability and easy maintenance can be realized by using CuSO, solution in the insulating tube as resistive material. This is the reason why several CuSO, based voltage dividers have been described previously [1,2]. Usually the risetime was considered as the most important parameter of the divider, and the proper and careful compensation has been ignored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast high-voltage resistive pulse divider

Rácz¹,

Patócs²

1992

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Aqueous-electrolyte resistors for pulsed power applications

Beverly

Campbell

1995

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Aqueous-electrolyte resistors were developed for use as dummy loads in pulsed power systems. These resistors are simple, robust, low-inductance devices capable of operation at high voltage and high current, and may be used to dissipate large pulse energies without catastrophic failure. The resistivity and temperature coefficient of resistivity were measured for several candidate electrolytes, including aqueous solutions of copper sulfate, potassium and aluminum sulfate, potassium dichromate, silver nitrate, sodium dichromate, and sodium thiosulfate. The resistivity of potassium dichromate solution is expressed by the power law ρ(Ω cm)=1640 C−1.0942 for electrolyte concentrations in the range C=0.025–25 g/ℓ. The temperature coefficient of resistivity is in the range (1/ρ)(∂ρ/∂Ts)=−(0.01–0.03)/°C for typical aqueous metal–salt electrolytes and is dependent on the solution temperature Ts and, to a lesser extent, on the electrolyte concentration. Aqueous solutions of potassium dichromate are compatible with brass, copper, and stainless-steel electrodes and polycarbonate and polymethylmethacrylate insulators, even at high concentration and elevated temperature. Such resistors give long shelf and operational lifetimes. If the maximum allowable resistance change (decrease) during the pulse is 10%, then the energy deposition per unit volume of electrolyte solution is limited to approximately 20 J/cm3 for resistors initially at room temperature.

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Improved CuSO4 HV pulse divider

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Design, Simulation, and Fabrication of a 500 kV Ultrawideband Coaxial Matched Load and Its Connectors for Fast Transient Pulse Measurement Systems

Design, Simulation, and Fabrication of a 500 kV Ultrawideband Coaxial Matched Load and Its Connectors for Fast Transient Pulse Measurement Systems

Fast high-voltage resistive pulse divider

Aqueous-electrolyte resistors for pulsed power applications

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