Improved Cycling Performance and High Rate Capacity of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Cathode Achieved by Al(PO3)3 Modification via Dry Coating Ball Milling

Abstract

LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) has attracted extensive attention as a promising cathode of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in next-generation electric vehicles, as the NCM811 sample possesses a high energy density and a price advantage. In this work, NCM811 was modified with an Al(PO3)3 precursor using the dry ball milling method followed by heat treatment to enable commercial development both at room temperature and a higher temperature. Compared with the unmodified NCM811 sample with the capacity retention of 68.70%, after Al(PO3)3 modification, the NCM811 sample heated to 500 °C exhibited a super capacity retention ratio of 93.88% after 200 charging–discharging cycles with the initial discharge capacity of 178.1 mAh g−1 at 1 C. Additionally, after Al(PO3)3 modification, the NCM811 sample heated to 500 °C showed much improved rate performance compared to bare NCM811 at the current density of 5 C. The enhanced electrochemical performance after cycling was due to the decreased charge transfer resistance and increased Li+ transmission, which were confirmed via electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). The NCM electrodes showed improved structural stability as layered structures after Al(PO3)3 modification, consistent with the improved cycling performance. This work revealed that LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 material with phosphide coating can be constructed using a simple ball milling method, which is feasible for obtaining high-performance electrode materials.

Realizing Dual Functions through Y2O3 Modification to Enhance the Electrochemical Performance of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Material

“…Considering that NCM811 and NCM811@YO700 have similar structures and particle sizes, the enhancement of Li + ion mobility can be attributed to the Y 2 O 3 coating on the NCM811 interface. There have been similar reports previously [32,50,51].…”

“…The Warburg impedance (Zw) is a characteristic impedance resulting from the diffusion limitation of ions. At low frequencies, the EIS can be represented by a diagonal line; the non-ideal capacitance of the surface layer is represented by a constant phase angle element (CPE) [32,46]. The values of NCM811 and NCM811@YO700 are calculated with the given equivalent circuit.…”

“…The material characterization methods used in this experiment are X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku D/max2550 VB, Showima City, Tokyo, Japan), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Quanta 450 FEG, FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA), energy-dispersive X-ray detection (EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, Hillsborough, OR, USA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, ESCALAB250xi, Waltham, MA, USA). The spe-cific parameters used can be found in the literature previously reported by our research group [32]. The XRD data was analyzed using JADE software (JADE 9).…”

Review on Oxygen Release Mechanism and Modification Strategy of Nickel-Rich NCM Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Recent Advances and Future Directions

“…Since the nickel-rich NCM material is prone to react with the electrolyte to generate HF and other harmful substances, it leads to corrosion of the electrode material, leads to poor electrochemical performance, and decreases the capacity as well as aggravates the oxygen release phenomenon, and even leads to the emergence of safety problems. Isolating NCM from the electrolyte by surface coating is a very effective means of modification, − and the advantages are described as follows: (1) the surface coating can block harmful substances and avoid the dissolution of TM; (2) the surface coating could suppresses the Jahn–Teller effect of nickel-rich NCM and reduces irreversible phase changes, thus improving the structural stability during cycling; (3) the low impedance of the conductive coating layer increases the conductivity of the cathode–electrolyte interface. By surface coating modification, a coating layer, such as oxide coating layer and ionic conductor coating layer, is constructed around the surface of nickel-rich NCM.…”

Low-cobalt active cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries: synthesis and performance enhancement methods

“…Metal phosphides, such as ZrPO 4 , LaPO 4 , MnPO 4 , AlPO 3 , MgHPO 4 and LiPO 4 , are widely used as efficient protective layers for high-Ni NCMs. [126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133] The LiPO 4 coating is discussed under the subheading of "Licontaining compounds". LaPO 4 -coated NCM811 shows a higher percentage of capacity retention and smaller charge transfer resistance compared to the uncoated one.…”