Improved detection limit for catecholamines using liquid chromatography-electrochemistry with a carbon interdigitated array microelectrode

Niwa, Osamu; Tabei, Hisao; Solomon, Bruce Peary; Xie, Fang; Kissinger, Peter T.

doi:10.1016/0378-4347(95)00145-9

Cited by 53 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…4 This makes the electrochemical method a very promising approach for the real time detection of dopamine in biological samples.…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] The basal dopamine concentrations in blood samples are very low, and low dopamine concentrations of pM order can be electrochemically detected without labeling. 4 This makes the electrochemical method a very promising approach for the real time detection of dopamine in biological samples. [4][5][6][7][8][9] The electrochemistry of dopamine at metal and carbon electrodes has been extensively studied, and depended significantly on electrode surface properties.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…4 This makes the electrochemical method a very promising approach for the real time detection of dopamine in biological samples. [4][5][6][7][8][9] The electrochemistry of dopamine at metal and carbon electrodes has been extensively studied, and depended significantly on electrode surface properties. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Indium-tin oxide (ITO) is a degenerate n-type semiconductor with highly populated positively and negatively charged sites.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Selective Electrochemical Response of Dopamine against 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid at Bare Indium–Tin Oxide Electrode

Xu¹,

Iwasaki²,

Niwa³

2005

Chemistry Letters

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Electrochemistry of dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid at ITO were investigated. The oxidation of dopamine significantly depended on pH and supporting electrolyte. The peak current increased more than one hundred folds with increasing pH from 2.5 to 10.0 in phosphate buffer. Moreover, selective oxidation of dopamine against 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid at bare ITO was observed. It is the first electrode material that can be produced in large scale for selective oxidation of dopamine. Selective catecholamine detection at ITO is suggested.Dopamine plays a very important role in the functioning of the central nervous, cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal systems, as well as in drug addiction and Parkinson's disease. 1-3The basal dopamine concentrations in blood samples are very low, and low dopamine concentrations of pM order can be electrochemically detected without labeling. 4 This makes the electrochemical method a very promising approach for the real time detection of dopamine in biological samples. 4-9The electrochemistry of dopamine at metal and carbon electrodes has been extensively studied, and depended significantly on electrode surface properties.10-16 Indium-tin oxide (ITO) is a degenerate n-type semiconductor with highly populated positively and negatively charged sites. 17 The interesting surface states of ITO result in its numerous use as substrates for self-assembly and in electroanalytical sensors.18-21 Matsue's group studied the electrochemistry of dopamine at a bare ITO and a platinum particle-modified ITO electrode in order to improve the electrochemical reaction rate of dopamine. 22 Recent studies show that the adsorption of catecholamines on the electrode surface play an important role in the electron transfer, the variable surface properties of ITO may enable us to achieve highly sensitive and selective electroanalysis for catecholamines. 10 In this study, we report that dopamine was oxidized much easily than 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid at ITO using suitable supporting electrolyte and pH.ITO films were formed on microscope glass from an In 2 O 3 -5%SnO 2 ceramic target using RF sputter deposition equipment (SEED Lab. Kanagawa, Japan) in pure argon gas. Prior to deposition, the chamber pressure was reduced to 2 Â 10 À6 Pa and then filled with argon. The RF power was 50 W. The substrate was kept at room temperature and rotated at 10.7 rpm. The sputtering time was 90 min.Electrochemical experiments were performed using an ALS/CHI 750A electrochemical analyzer (CH Instruments, Inc. USA). Unless otherwise noted, all potentials were reported with respect to an Ag/AgCl/3 M KCl reference electrode. The ITO working electrode area was defined by using a piece of adhesive tape with a hole. For the cyclic voltammogram experiments, the electrode area was 3.14 mm 2 . The pH of phosphate buffer was changed by changing the H 3 PO 4 , NaH 2 PO 4 , Na 2 -HPO 4 , and Na 3 PO 4 ratio. Figure 1 shows cyclic voltammograms (CV) of dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) at ITO electrodes. Th...

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“…4 This makes the electrochemical method a very promising approach for the real time detection of dopamine in biological samples.…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Selective Electrochemical Response of Dopamine against 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid at Bare Indium–Tin Oxide Electrode

Xu¹,

Iwasaki²,

Niwa³

2005

Chemistry Letters

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“…To our knowledge, the first operational application of microelectrodes for the use in HPLC was done by Kissinger and colleagues [16]. An interdigitated array of microelectrodes was used to enhance the current obtained in a redox cycling process in a flow stream at the output of an HPLC column.…”

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confidence: 99%

Boron doped diamond microelectrodes arrays for electrochemical detection in HPLC

Mahé

Devilliers

Dardoize

2015

Talanta

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To cite this version:Eric Mahé, Didier Devilliers, François Dardoize. Boron doped diamond microelectrodes arrays for electrochemical detection in HPLC. Talanta, Elsevier, 2015, 132, pp.641 -647 Highlights•Boron-doped diamond microelectrodes arrays have been used as sensors for HPLC.•These amperometric sensors have a good signal/noise ratio.•Spacing, disposition and number of the microelectrodes have been studied, as well as influence of flow velocity. AbstractBoron doped diamond microelectrodes arrays (MEA) have been prepared in order to be used as new

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Redox cycles are generated between the two working electrodes; they are called the generator and the collector, and are placed close to each other. The generator current increases when a suitable potential is applied to the collector (a dual-mode), compared to a single-mode when the collector is electrically open.…”

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A Planar Gas Sensor Combined with Interdigitated Array Electrodes

et al. 1999

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Interdigitated array (IDA) electrodes are used for the determination of components contained in aqueous solutions with high sensitivity. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Redox cycles are generated between the two working electrodes; they are called the generator and the collector, and are placed close to each other. The generator current increases when a suitable potential is applied to the collector (a dual-mode), compared to a single-mode when the collector is electrically open. In a previous study 8 , IDA electrodes were applied to gas detection for the first time. The electrodes were fabricated on a gas-permeable membrane in order to obtain good response to the gases (NO x ) through improved conventional photolithography. It was confirmed that the IDA electrodes are useful in a gas-detection system, as well as in solution systems. Generally, the gap and width of the electrodes should be small in order to generate a large number of redox cycles. However, it was difficult to fabricate fine patterns on the gas-permeable membrane, because the membrane was flexible and its surface was not flat. On the other hand, it is already possible to fabricate fine IDA patterns on a hard and flat substrate and are already being marketed. However, if these electrodes fabricated on substrate are set in an electrolyte solution, they do not come into contact with the membrane. Therefore, it is said that the sensitivity and response speed are poor. Accordingly, we experimented with a new method of applying IDA electrodes to a gas-sensing system. We call it a planar IDA gas sensor. A piece of filter paper containing an electrolyte solution was put on IDA electrodes, which were fabricated on a glass substrate. This gas sensor was very easy to construct. A similar planar sensor had been reported for amperometric sensing of oxygen.9 It was developed as a low-cost and disposable sensor, and applied to glucose sensing. A planar sensor is expected to be more useful in complicated detection systems i.e. using IDA electrodes, which was confirmed after being used in a hydrogen-detection system. ExperimentalPropylene carbonate (PC) was purchased from Nacalai Tesque Inc. Tetraethylammonium perchlorate (TEAP) was prepared from tetraethylammonium bromide and perchloric acid, both of which were obtained from Wako Chemical Co. The precipitate of TEAP was purified by recrystallization from water and stored in an evacuated desiccator after baking at 100˚C. A PC solution containing 0.1 M TEAP was prepared as an electrolyte.A planar IDA gas sensor was prepared based on available IDA electrodes (No. 2047 from BAS). The width and gap of the electrodes were 10 µm and 5 µm, respectively. The valid length of the electrode was 2 mm, and the number of electrodes was 65 pairs. Keywords Interdigitated array electrodes, redox cycles, hydrogen gas sensor Fig. 1 Structures of planar gas sensors combined with IDA electrodes. The IDA electrodes used were fabricated on a glass substrate. The bandwidth of the generator and the collector were 10 µm, and the gap between them wa...

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Improved detection limit for catecholamines using liquid chromatography-electrochemistry with a carbon interdigitated array microelectrode

Cited by 53 publications

References 15 publications

Selective Electrochemical Response of Dopamine against 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid at Bare Indium–Tin Oxide Electrode

Selective Electrochemical Response of Dopamine against 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid at Bare Indium–Tin Oxide Electrode

Boron doped diamond microelectrodes arrays for electrochemical detection in HPLC

A Planar Gas Sensor Combined with Interdigitated Array Electrodes

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