Improved detection of subgingival calculus by laser fluorescence over differential reflectometry

Abstract

Laser fluorescence (LF) and differential reflectometry (DR) are two new optical methods which have been used to help diagnose subgingival deposits of dental calculus. This study compared the performance of LF using the KEY3 laser system versus DR using the DetecTar system under controlled laboratory conditions designed to simulate clinical conditions as much as possible. A total of 30 extracted human posterior teeth were set in an anatomical configuration in stone typodonts with impression material replicating the periodontal soft tissues. LF was more accurate than DR (76.2% vs. 68.2%) and gave higher reproducibility (Bangdiwala's B statistic 0.71 vs. 0.54). The better performance of LF makes it the preferred option of the two methods for detection of subgingival dental calculus.

The Influence of Diet on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Bacterial Biofilms in the Human Oral Cavity

“…The stone crystals grow in close contact with the tooth surface and the stone obtains mechanical retention due to the irregularity of the surface. On the outside, tartar is covered with non-mineralized bacterial plaque and, like dental plaque, it is divided into supra-and subgingival [45,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]. The supragingival stone is yellow-white in color.…”

“…It is visible after drying the gingival margin, it shines through the soft tissues, you can gently lift the gingival margin and see it, and also during periodontal surgery. To detect it in deeper layers, you can use a periodontal probe, take an X-ray, use laser equipment [69][70][71], (Figure 2).…”

“…It is visible after drying the gingival margin, it shines through the soft tissues, you can gently lift the gingival margin and see it, and also during periodontal surgery. To detect it in deeper layers, you can use a periodontal probe, take an X-ray, use laser equipment [69][70][71], (Figure 2). It is the bacterial flora that is largely responsible for the formation of plaque, periodontal disease, the occurrence of halitosis (unpleasant odor emanating from the mouth), and in the later stages of macro-organism health problems [48,74,75].…”

Effectiveness of a 655‐nm InGaAsP diode laser to detect subgingival calculus in patients with periodontal disease

“…The fluorescence light emitted by certain oral microorganisms is gathered and modified by a high pass filter which removes reflected and ambient light (daylight, light of the treatment unit), and therefore, permitting only near‐infrared light (>680 nm) to pass 5 . The near‐infrared fluorescence emissions are then measured using a photodetector, and the intensity of the fluorescence radiation is shown as a digital value on a scale from 0 to 99 6 …”