Improved gas chromatographic determination of nicotine in environmental tobacco smoke

Abstract

A rapid gas chromatographic procedure with an analysis time of 5 min was developed for the determination of environmental nicotine collected on sorbent tubes containing XAD-4 resin. In validating this procedure, severe temporal losses of nicotine were observed for solutions in glass sample vials waiting in a queue in an autosampler tray for analysis. These losses were traced to adsorptive interactions of nicotine with the glass surface of the vials. The use of N-ethylnornicotine as the internal standard or the addition of triethylamine to all solutions were both successful in producing constant response ratios of nicotine to internal standard. Owing to the limited availability and expense of N-ethylnornicotine, our current procedure calls for the addition of triethylamine to all nicotine solutions at the 0.01% V/V level and the use of quinoline as internal standard.

Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Respirable Suspended Particle Exposures for Non-Smokers in Beijing

“…These figures also highlight the potential error in using any point estimate (e.g. median) for reporting exposure data, and may indicate that simple exposure calculations, as performed in this and other similar stud-Phillips/Howard/Bentley/Alvá n 23 (19) 32 (26) 38 (22) Contributions are reported as the mean (SD in parentheses) of percent annual PIQs at work for all subjects. PIQs were calculated assuming measured concentrations from each individual subject's monitors were maintained throughout the year, and the subjects spent 35 h per week and 48 weeks per year at work.…”

“…In this study, the following analytes were determined: (1) RSP -using a gravimetric procedure [17]; (2) saliva cotinine -using a radioimmunoassay procedure [18]; (3) nicotine and 3-EP -using a capillary gas chromatography procedure with nitrogen-specific detection [19]; (4) estimation of ETS particles (3 procedures) -using high-performance liquid chromatography procedures to determine UVPM, FPM or SolPM of methanolic filter extracts [4,17]. The factors used in this study to convert instrument responses into an equivalent concentration of ETS particles were 43 (SolPM), 45 (FPM) and 8.2 (UVPM), as determined by Nelson et al [20].…”

Assessment by Personal Monitoring of Respirable Suspended Particles and Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure for Non-Smokers in Sydney, Australia

“…In this study the following analytes were determined: (1) RSPusing a gravimetric procedure [13]; (2) nicotine and 3-EP -using a capillary gas chromatographic procedure [14]; (3) ETS particles (3 methods) -using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedures to determine the ultraviolet absorbance (UVPM), fluorescence (FPM) or solanesol content (for calculation of SolPM) of methanolic filter extracts [13]. The factors used in this study to convert instrument responses into an equivalent concentration of ETS particles were 43 (SolPM), 45 (FPM) and 8.2 (UVPM) [15], and (4) saliva cotinine -using a radioimmunoassay procedure [16].…”

Tobacco Smoke in Shopping Mails and Restaurants

“…The filters were desorbed with 2 ml 10 M aqueous sodium hydroxide [6] and then extracted twice from the basic solution into 250 pi heptane containing 0.1 % (vol/vol) triethylamine (TEA) [7]. A known amount of isoquinoline in 0.1 % TEA in heptane was added as internal standard [8] to an aliquot of the combined heptane extracts.…”

“…A known amount of isoquinoline in 0.1 % TEA in heptane was added as internal standard [8] to an aliquot of the combined heptane extracts. The analysis was performed on a Varian Model 3400 gas chromato graph equipped with a nitrogen detector.…”