Abstract:To improve large-scale in vitro production of Oplopanax elatus Nakai, we cultured somatic embryo-derived plantlets under a heterotrophic condition (semi-solid culture with sucrose), photoautotrophic condition (semi-solid culture without sucrose), or modified photoautotrophic condition (liquid culture with forced ventilation). The plantlets grown under the modified photoautotrophic condition had more leaves as well as higher chlorophyll content, and higher net photosynthetic rate than those grown under the conv… Show more
“…An average rooting plus acclimation rate of 52% was obtained, indicating the feasibility of applying photoautotrophic conditions for rooting and acclimating chestnut shoots. Similar results have been reported for other species such as Eucalyptus calmadulensis (Zobayed et al, 2001), Epidendrum (Teixeira da Silva et al, 2005), Myrtus communis (Lucchesini et al, 2006), Populus deltoides (Mingozzi et al, 2009), Macadamia tetraphylla (Chaum et al, 2011), Oplopanax elatum (Park et al, 2011) and Billbergia zebrina (Martins et al, 2015).…”
Section: Rootingsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…Healthy shoots and high proliferation rates (average multiplication coefficients of 3.0 and 4.9 for apical and basal sections respectively) were obtained, although in some genotypes these values were not as high as those obtained when sugar was added to the culture medium (data not shown). A similar response to PAM has been obtained with Paulownia fortunei (Sha Valli Khan et al, 2003), while in other plants, such as Samanea saman (Mosaleeyanon et al, 2004), Oplopanax elatum (Park et al, 2011) and Billbergia zebrina (Martins et al, 2015), the addition of sugar hampered growth or diminished shoot quality.…”
In this study, results of photomixotropic and photoautotrophic chestnut micropropagation are compared. The aim is to increase the quality of micropropagated plants as well as to reduce costs due to plant loss during acclimatization. A successful protocol has been developed for the proliferation phase without exogenous sucrose added to the medium that has been tested with 4 genotypes. For this, shoots were exposed to decreasing sugar levels for several months to ensure their viability in sucrose-free medium. In vitro rooting in photoautotrophic conditions was applied to 15 chestnut genotypes. Every genotype formed vigorous plants which were easy to acclimatize. More than 6000 shoots were rooted with a rooting and acclimatization average value of 71% for the best treatment. This result was better than the one obtained in conventional micropropagation.
“…An average rooting plus acclimation rate of 52% was obtained, indicating the feasibility of applying photoautotrophic conditions for rooting and acclimating chestnut shoots. Similar results have been reported for other species such as Eucalyptus calmadulensis (Zobayed et al, 2001), Epidendrum (Teixeira da Silva et al, 2005), Myrtus communis (Lucchesini et al, 2006), Populus deltoides (Mingozzi et al, 2009), Macadamia tetraphylla (Chaum et al, 2011), Oplopanax elatum (Park et al, 2011) and Billbergia zebrina (Martins et al, 2015).…”
Section: Rootingsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…Healthy shoots and high proliferation rates (average multiplication coefficients of 3.0 and 4.9 for apical and basal sections respectively) were obtained, although in some genotypes these values were not as high as those obtained when sugar was added to the culture medium (data not shown). A similar response to PAM has been obtained with Paulownia fortunei (Sha Valli Khan et al, 2003), while in other plants, such as Samanea saman (Mosaleeyanon et al, 2004), Oplopanax elatum (Park et al, 2011) and Billbergia zebrina (Martins et al, 2015), the addition of sugar hampered growth or diminished shoot quality.…”
In this study, results of photomixotropic and photoautotrophic chestnut micropropagation are compared. The aim is to increase the quality of micropropagated plants as well as to reduce costs due to plant loss during acclimatization. A successful protocol has been developed for the proliferation phase without exogenous sucrose added to the medium that has been tested with 4 genotypes. For this, shoots were exposed to decreasing sugar levels for several months to ensure their viability in sucrose-free medium. In vitro rooting in photoautotrophic conditions was applied to 15 chestnut genotypes. Every genotype formed vigorous plants which were easy to acclimatize. More than 6000 shoots were rooted with a rooting and acclimatization average value of 71% for the best treatment. This result was better than the one obtained in conventional micropropagation.
“…In the present study, 200 normally converted young plantlets of Oplopanax elatus (about 7 to 10 cm in length) were selected and then transferred to an artificial soil mixture (Figure 6A–F). Eighty percent of the plantlets survived; this led to better survival rates than those observed using our previous protocol (Moon et al 2006; Park et al 2011a). Figure 6 Plantlets regeneration of O. elatus via somatic embryogenesis.…”
Oplopanax elatus is a medicinal plant on the verge of extinction because of overexploitation. In the present study, the effects of various factors on enhancing somatic embryogenesis and plantlet conversion were studied. Mature seeds were collected from a total of 13 plants from 4 mountains in South Korea, and the genetic distances were calculated to analyze the effect of genotype on somatic embryogenesis. Results of cluster analysis and the unweighted-pair-group method with arithmetic mean of 13 genotypes indicated the presence of 3 main groups. Both genotype and explant type affected the induction of somatic embryos (SEs). Sorak 2 and root were found to be the most suitable genotype and explant type, respectively, for SE induction in O. elatus. Among the different types of carbon sources tested, 5% sucrose induced the maximum number of SEs. The formation and development of SEs were significantly influenced by culture density; thus, 10 mg embryonic callus was found to be the most suitable for SE induction. The highest rates of germination and SE conversion were obtained in a germination medium containing 1.8 gelrite and 3.2 g·l-1 agar. In addition, 80% of the plantlets that were transplanted into artificial soil acclimatized successfully. Thus, our results showed that the percentage survival of O. elatus during in vitro proliferation could be increased by optimizing to the somatic embryogenesis system.
“…Under photoautotrophic conditions (sugar-free media and no gas exchange restrictions) a higher growth rate and no anatomical disorders were found compared to bromeliad plantlets kept under conventional in vitro culture conditions. These conditions may determine the explant survival rate after greenhouse transfer (Park et al 2011).…”
Micro-propagation techniques contribute to the multiplication of several bromeliad species. However, micropropagated plantlets often present low survival rate due to anatomical and physiological disorders induced by in vitro conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the sucrose and gas exchange impact on in vitro propagated Billbergia zebrina plants and to check if there is any residual effect of the in vitro conditions on micropropagated plants after acclimatization. Previously in vitro-established B. zebrina plants were transferred to culture media containing 0.0, 15.0, 30.0, 45.0 or 60.0 g L -1 sucrose. Two different culture container sealing systems were tested: lids with a filter (permitting an excellent gas exchange) and a filter covered with PVC (blocking fluent gas exchange). At 45 days in vitro growth, B. zebrina plantlets were transplanted onto plastic pots containing peat and cultivated for 80 days in greenhouse. At 45 days in vitro and 80 days of acclimatization in the greenhouse, the plants were evaluated. High sucrose levels in the in vitro media resulted in reduced growth. Plantlets exposed to aerated containers presented better rooting, being the sugar-free medium the best in vitro condition (photoautotrophic condition). Limited air exchange resulted in plantlets with anatomical and physiological disorders at the end of the in vitro period. The highest growth rate in the greenhouse was observed in plants previously propagated in unlimited gas exchange system and sugar-free medium. The use of photoautotrophic conditions induces B. zebrina plantlets without anatomical and physiological disorders and it interfere positively on ex vitro growth.
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