Improved infant hemoglobin (Hb) and blood glucose concentrations: The beneficial effect of maternal vitamin A supplementation of malaria-infected mothers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Elom, Michael Okpara; Eyo, Joseph Effiong; Okafor, Fabian Chukwuemenam; Nworie, Amos; Usanga, Victor Udoh; Attamah, Gerald N.; Igwe, Chibueze C.

doi:10.1080/20477724.2016.1261489

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Vitamin A supplementation also correlates with a reduced risk of infections, due to its relevant function in immune responses and contributing to the host’s defenses [ 34 , 35 ]. Vitamin A deficiency appears to facilitate premature placental abruption and pre-eclampsia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Supplementation with Micronutrients Still Necessary during Pregnancy? A Review

Ballestín

Campos

Ballestín³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Introduction: Proper nutrition during pregnancy is important to prevent nutritional imbalances that interfere with pregnancy. Micronutrients play critical roles in embryogenesis, fetal growth, and maternal health, as energy, protein, vitamin, and mineral needs can increase during pregnancy. Increased needs can be met by increasing the intake of dietary micronutrients. Severe micronutrient deficiency or excess during pregnancy can have negative effects on fetal growth (intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, or congenital malformations) and pregnancy development (pre-eclampsia or gestational diabetes). We investigate whether it is necessary to continue micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy to improve women’s health in this stage and whether this supplementation could prevent and control pathologies associated with pregnancy. Aim: The present review aims to summarize evidence on the effects of nutritional deficiencies on maternal and newborn morbidity. Methods: This aim is addressed by critically reviewing results from published studies on supplementation with different nutrients during pregnancy. For this, major scientific databases, scientific texts, and official webpages have been consulted. PubMed searches using the terms “pregnancy” OR “maternal-fetal health” AND “vitamins” OR “minerals” OR “supplementation” AND “requirement” OR “deficiency nutrients” were performed. Results: There are accepted interventions during pregnancy, such as folic acid supplementation to prevent congenital neural tube defects, potassium iodide supplementation to correct neurodevelopment, and oral iron supplementation during the second half of pregnancy to reduce the risk of maternal anemia and iron deficiency. A number of micronutrients have also been associated with pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. In general, experimental studies are necessary to demonstrate the benefits of supplementation with different micronutrients and to adjust the recommended daily doses and the recommended periconceptional nutrition for mothers. Conclusions: Presently, there is evidence of the benefits of micronutrient supplementation in perinatal results, but indiscriminate use is discouraged due to the fact that the side effects of excessive doses are not known. Evidence supports the idea that micronutrient deficiencies negatively affect maternal health and the outcome of pregnancy. No single micronutrient is responsible for the adverse effects; thus, supplementing or correcting one deficiency will not be very effective while other deficiencies exist.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Supplementation with Micronutrients Still Necessary during Pregnancy? A Review

Ballestín

Campos

Ballestín³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The decrease in haemoglobin content, on the one hand, reduces the concentration of respiratory enzymes, mitochondrial oxidase and myoglobin, resulting in a deficient oxygen supply, decreased aerobic metabolism and accumulation of lactic acid. On the other hand, it affects the immune response and phagocytosis, which in turn leads to the depression of immune functions and disturbances of immune regulation, subsequently increasing the risk of infection [ 47 ]. It has been found that anaemia is a risk factor for accompanying infection in patients with MM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of infection in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: risk factors and main characteristics

et al. 2020

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Background Infection is a leading cause of morbidity and death in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The increased susceptibility to infection is complicated and multifactorial. However, no studies have explored the spectrum and risk factors of infections in newly diagnosed MM patients at the first admission. This cross-sectional study aimed to provide ideas for the assessment, prevention and treatment of infection in newly diagnosed MM patients when admitted for the first time. Methods Retrospectively, the data from electronic medical records for 161 patients newly diagnosed with MM from May 2013 to December 2018 were analysed. All the information was collected at the time of admission, and the patients had received no antineoplastic therapy previously. Independent risk factors of infection in multiple myeloma were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Newly diagnosed patients with MM were highly susceptible to viruses (43.9%), especially Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (24.4%) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) (17.1%). Advanced stage (ISS stage III, P = 0.040), more severe anaemia (Hb < 90 g/L, P = 0.044) and elevated CRP (> 10 mg/L, P = 0.006) were independent risk factors for infection. Moreover, infections represented a major survival threat to patients with newly diagnosed MM (P = 0.033), and the existence of risk factors for infection was significantly correlated with poor prognosis (P = 0.011), especially ISS stage III (P = 0.008) and lower haemoglobin level (P = 0.039). Conclusions Newly diagnosed MM patients are highly susceptible to viruses. Advanced ISS stage, more severe anaemia and the elevation of CRP are independent risk factors of infection, which also have a strong impact on prognosis. Our results suggest that viral infection should be taken into account if antibacterial drugs are not effective, and the prevention of infection and improvement of prognosis should be paid more attention in newly diagnosed patents with advanced stage and more severe anaemia.

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“…Some studies suggest a reduction in the risk of infections after vitamin A supplementation as a consequence of its important function in the immune system, improving host defenses [58,118]. Secretory IgA contributes to intestinal barrier function, with evidence suggesting that these antibodies are involved in immunological homeostasis.…”

Section: Vitamin a Supplementation During Pregnancy: Recent Evidenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin A and Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

et al. 2019

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Vitamin A is a crucial micronutrient for pregnant women and their fetuses. In addition to being essential for morphological and functional development and for ocular integrity, vitamin A exerts systemic effects on several fetal organs and on the fetal skeleton. Vitamin A requirements during pregnancy are therefore greater. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains the leading cause of preventable blindness in the world. VAD in pregnant women is a public health issue in most developing countries. In contrast, in some developed countries, excessive vitamin A intake during pregnancy can be a concern since, when in excess, this micronutrient may exert teratogenic effects in the first 60 days following conception. Routine prenatal vitamin A supplementation for the prevention of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality is not recommended; however, in regions where VAD is a public health issue, vitamin A supplementation is recommended to prevent night blindness. Given the importance of this topic and the lack of a complete, up-to-date review on vitamin A and pregnancy, an extensive review of the literature was conducted to identify conflicting or incomplete data on the topic as well as any gaps in existing data.

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Improved infant hemoglobin (Hb) and blood glucose concentrations: The beneficial effect of maternal vitamin A supplementation of malaria-infected mothers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Is Supplementation with Micronutrients Still Necessary during Pregnancy? A Review

Is Supplementation with Micronutrients Still Necessary during Pregnancy? A Review

Assessment of infection in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: risk factors and main characteristics

Vitamin A and Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

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