A validated, simple and sensitive HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of lipoperoxidation relevant reactive aldehydes; glyoxal (GO), acrolein (ACR), malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) in human serum. The studied aldehydes were reacted with 2,2'-furil to form fluorescent difurylimidazole derivatives that were separated on respectively, with detection limits ranged from 0.030 to 0.11 nmol/mL. The % RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision didn't exceed 5.0% and 6.2%, respectively, and the accuracy (%found) ranged from 95.5 to 103%. The proposed method was applied for monitoring the four aldehydes in sera of healthy, diabetic and rheumatic human subjects with simple pretreatment steps and without interference from endogenous components. By virtue of its high sensitivity and accuracy, our method enabled detection of differences between analytes concentrations in sera of human subjects at different clinical conditions.