Improved method for rapid detection of phthalates in bottled water by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Otero, Paz; Saha, Sukant; Moane, Siobhán; Barron, John C.; Clancy, Gerard P.; Murray, Patrick G.

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.05.036

Cited by 74 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…ZnO@ZIF‐8 showed a type I isotherm (Figure S2), indicating that the material is microporous. ZnO@ZIF‐8 has a surface area of 699 m 2 g −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phthalates are extensively used as additives in the production of plastics, and they can be present in toys, cosmetics, or personal care products . Phthalates bioaccumulate in tissues mimicking endocrine disruptors, and certain phthalates such as dibutyl phthalate (DBP), or bis(2‐ n ‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are priority hazardous substances by the European Union, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and other international organizations . They have been detected in drinking water, representing a risk for the ecosystem and public health .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nanoparticle@Metal‐Organic Frameworks as a Template for Hierarchical Porous Carbon Sponges

Salazar-Beltrán

Cabello

Guzmán-Mar

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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The preparation of hierarchical porous carbon sponges (HCS) from metal oxide nanoparticle@metal-organic frameworks is reported. ZnO nanoparticles are partially converted to zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) crystals in presence of n-butylamine to obtain ZnO@ZIF-8 porous hybrids. After direct carbonization, followed by ZnO acidic etching, ZnO@ZIF-8 crystals were converted to submicrometric HCS. Due to the high surface area and accessible porosity, combining micro- and mesoporosity of HCS, their application for the extraction of water pollutants was studied by preparing HCS/polymer membranes, and showed a high efficiency for the fast (650 L m h ) removal of plastic degradation by-products (DBP, dibutyl phthalate. DEHP, bis(2-n-ethylhexyl)phthalate). DBP and DEHP breakthroughs were lower than 3 % after the filtration of 100 mL of water containing simultaneously both phthalates at a high concentration level (300 μg L , each). HCS/polymer membranes were reusable up to 5 times, maintaining their extraction capacity, with relative errors of 6 % for DBP, and <1 % for DEHP.

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“…ZnO@ZIF‐8 showed a type I isotherm (Figure S2), indicating that the material is microporous. ZnO@ZIF‐8 has a surface area of 699 m 2 g −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle@Metal‐Organic Frameworks as a Template for Hierarchical Porous Carbon Sponges

Salazar-Beltrán

Cabello

Guzmán-Mar

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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show abstract

“…Despite the fact that PAEs have enough volatility and thermostability to be analyzed by GC without derivatization [21], LC [22] or even CE [23][24][25][26] can also be successfully used for their determination. In this work, a suitable chromatographic separation of the nine selected PAEs was achieved by LC using an X-Bridge C 18 (100 mm × 4.6 mm × 3.5 μm column and a 20 mm × 4.6 mm precolumn) with the same stationary phase.…”

Section: Optimization Of the Separation And Detection Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of phthalates in beverages using multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersive solid‐phase extraction before HPLC–MS

González‐Sálamo

Afonso

Rodríguez‐Delgado

2018

J of Separation Science

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A microdispersive solid-phase extraction method has been developed using multiwalled carbon nanotubes of 110-170 nm diameter and 5-9 μm length for the extraction of a group of nine phthalic acid esters (i.e., bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate, bis-2-ethoxyethyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, bis-2-n-butoxyethyl phthalate, bis-isopentyl phthalate, bis-n-pentyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, and di-n-octyl phthalate) from tap water as well as from different beverages commercialized in plastic bottles (mineral water, lemon- and apple-flavored mineral water, and an isotonic drink). Determination was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The extraction procedure was optimized following a step-by-step approach, being the optimum extraction conditions: 50 mL of each sample at pH 6.0, 80 mg of sorbent, and 25 mL of acetonitrile as elution solvent. To validate the methodology, matrix-matched calibration and a recovery study were developed, obtaining determination coefficients >0.9906 and absolute recovery values between 70 and 117% (with relative standard deviations < 17%) in all cases. The limits of quantification of the method were between 0.173 and 1.45 μg/L. After the evaluation of the matrix effects, real samples were also analyzed, finding butylbenzyl phthalate in all samples (except in apple-flavored mineral water), though at concentrations below its limit of quantification of the method.

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“…Phthalate esters (PAEs) and bisphenol A (BPA) are recognized as endocrine disruptor chemicals and weak environmental estrogens, which are proved to be great threats to human lives and health even at low concentrations . PAEs, also known as phthalates, are a class of key environmental pollutants that are widely used as plasticizers in all kinds of commercial, medical, and personal care products with ubiquitous human exposures, thus causing numerous negative health effects . In addition, they can also easily be released and migrate from plastic to food products in that they are in the form of physical combination between polymer rather than a covalent bond .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…bisphenol A, solid-phase extraction, milk, nanofiber, phthalate esters Article Related Abbreviations: BBP, butyl benzyl phthalate; BPA, bisphenol A; DBP, dibutyl-o-phthalate (DBP); DEHP, di(2-ethylhexyl) phathalate; DEP, diethyl-o-phthalate; DNOP, di-n-octyl phthalate; FID, flame ionization detector; ME, matrix effect; PAE, phthalate ester; PD, pyridine; PFSPE, packed-nanofiber solid-phase extraction; PS, polystyrene; PS/PD, polystyrene/pyridine composite known as phthalates, are a class of key environmental pollutants that are widely used as plasticizers in all kinds of commercial, medical, and personal care products with ubiquitous human exposures, thus causing numerous negative health effects [2][3][4][5]. In addition, they can also easily be released and migrate from plastic to food products in that they are in the form of physical combination between polymer rather than a covalent bond [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of five phthalate esters and bisphenol A in milk by packed‐nanofiber solid‐phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

Tang

Han

Xie

et al. 2019

J of Separation Science

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A novel polystyrene/pyridine composite nanofiber was synthesized and utilized as the sorbent material for the solid‐phase extraction of bisphenol A and five common phthalate esters in milk. The method of extraction integrated extraction and preconcentration of target analytes into a single step. Bisphenol A and five common phthalate esters were selected as target compounds for the development and evaluation of the method. The effects of operating parameters for nanofiber‐based solid‐phase extraction, such as selection and amount of sorbent, the volume fraction of perchlorate (precipitate protein), desorption solvent, volume of desorption solvent, and effect of salt addition were optimized. Under optimal conditions, higher extraction recoveries (89.6–118.0%) of the six compounds in milk spiked at three levels were obtained, and the satisfied relative standard deviation were ranged from 0.6 to 10.9%. The detection limits and quantification limits of the method ranged from 0.01 to 0.06 μg/L and 0.05 to 0.53 μg/L, respectively. Matrix effects were also verified and well controlled in the range of 91.3–109.3%. The new method gave better performance metrics than Chinese standard method and other published methods. Thus, the proposed method may be applied to the analysis of the phthalate esters and bisphenol A in complex matrixes.

show abstract

Improved method for rapid detection of phthalates in bottled water by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 74 publications

References 22 publications

Nanoparticle@Metal‐Organic Frameworks as a Template for Hierarchical Porous Carbon Sponges

Nanoparticle@Metal‐Organic Frameworks as a Template for Hierarchical Porous Carbon Sponges

Determination of phthalates in beverages using multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersive solid‐phase extraction before HPLC–MS

Simultaneous determination of five phthalate esters and bisphenol A in milk by packed‐nanofiber solid‐phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

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