Improved multi-shot diffusion imaging using GRAPPA with a compact kernel

A 3D k‐space Fourier encoding and reconstruction framework for simultaneous multi‐slab acquisition

“…Third, when applying SMSlab to diffusion weighted images, physiological motion can cause phase variations among different shots (47). Additional phase correction methods, including navigator acquisition (48,49) and reconstruction algorithms (8,10,23,36,50), would be necessary for dMRI. Finally, the results presented here utilized spin echo EPI (SE-EPI) only.…”

“…A prolonged readout window can lead to more severe image distortion under the presence of the field inhomogeneity, especially for single-shot EPI (ss-EPI). Although multi-shot acquisitions can help increase SNRs and reduce image distortion (8–10), these methods inevitably prolong the scan time. 3D EPI acquisitions can also be used to improve SNR by exciting and encoding large FOVs in the slice direction (11,12).…”

Model‐based reconstruction for simultaneous multislice and parallel imaging accelerated multishot diffusion tensor imaging

“…Although more detailed information can be obtained by high‐resolution DTI with multishot acquisition than conventional SS‐EPI, its acquisition time is usually multiple times longer. Moreover, DTI needs an even longer scan time due to a large number of diffusion‐encoding directions (ie, >20–30), which is required for robust DTI measurements .…”

“…In addition to the long scan time, phase variation among different shots caused by the physiological motion during diffusion encoding must be corrected appropriately for multishot DTI. For such phase correction, extra navigator acquisition can provide reliable phase estimation, however, the scan time will be further prolonged. In the contrast, navigator‐free techniques are more efficient as they estimate the phase variation using PI reconstruction for each excitation without extra sampling, and can work well if the number of shots is not very large (eg, 2–4).…”

Motion‐robust sub‐millimeter isotropic diffusion imaging through motion corrected generalized slice dithered enhanced resolution (MC‐gSlider) acquisition

“…To mitigate the distortion/blurring of EPI acquisitions in dMRI, several in‐plane segmented techniques have been developed . These techniques can achieve excellent mitigation at a cost of longer scan time and increased motion sensitivity.…”