Improved nanoindentation and microwave shielding properties of modified MWCNT reinforced polyurethane composites

Abstract

Acid modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (a-MWCNT) reinforced polyurethane (PU) composite films have been fabricated using a solvent casting technique with 0-10 wt% of a-MWCNTs. A nanoindentation study has been carried out on these films in order to investigate the mechanical properties. Incorporation of a-MWCNTs in a PU matrix led to a drastic increase in the hardness and elastic modulus. The maximum nanoindentation hardness of 217.5 MPa for 10 wt% a-MWCNT loading was observed as compared to 58.5 MPa for pure PU (an overall improvement of 271%). The nanoindentation elastic modulus for a 10 wt% a-MWCNT loaded sample was 1504.2 MPa as compared to 385.7 MPa for pure PU (an overall improvement of 290%). In addition to hardness and elastic modulus, other mechanical properties i.e. plastic index parameter, elastic recovery, ratio of residual displacement after load removal and displacement at the maximum load and plastic deformation energy have also been investigated. The enhancement in the mechanical properties was correlated with spectroscopic and microscopic investigations using Raman spectroscopy, SEM and TEM. Dispersion of a-MWCNTs in the PU matrix was studied using Raman mapping. Besides the improvement in mechanical properties, the electromagnetic interference shielding properties were also investigated in the 8.2-12.4 GHz (X-band) frequency range. A value of $29 dB for the 10 wt% MWCNT loaded sample having a thickness of 1.5 mm was obtained.Therefore, these polyurethane composite films shall not only be useful for hard and scratchless coatings but also for protection from electromagnetic radiation in making electromagnetic shielding bags for packaging of electronic circuits and for scratchless tape for laminating circuit boards.

Multi-walled carbon nanotube–graphene–polyaniline multiphase nanocomposite with superior electromagnetic shielding effectiveness

“…To improve the bonding of MWCNTs with other reinforcing constituents, these MWCNTs were functionalized by an oxidation reaction with concentrated nitric acid. [22][23][24] 2.2. Polyaniline-natural graphite akes PANI was synthesized and modied by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization 16 of aniline (AN) in the presence of dispersed NGF particles and supplied by a conducting polymer section of NPL.…”

“…1(a) shows a SEM image of as-produced long and aligned MWCNTs entangled with each other due to weak van der Waal interactions between them. The diameter of the tubes is in the range 10-70 nm and average bundle length of $300 mm, 22 in which there is no evidence of amorphous carbon particles. In Fig.…”

“…22 In the case of graphite, it has three most intense Raman features at $1580 cm À1 (G band), $1350 cm À1 (D band) and $2700 cm À1 (2D band). Fig.…”

“…22,33,34 In this study, PANI is modied by incorporating 5 wt% of NGF, later on is converted to multilayer graphene. It is used to make nanocomposites with different weight fractions of functionalized MWCNTs.…”

MnO2 decorated graphene nanoribbons with superior permittivity and excellent microwave shielding properties

“…When the total EMI shielding effectiveness of the material is more than À10 dB, then loss due to multiple reections (SE M ) becomes negligible and can be neglected. 34,38,39 Thus, the total shielding effectiveness (SE T ) can be expressed as…”