Improved NARP-HPLC method for separating triglycerides of palm olein and its solid fractions obtained at low temperature storage

Swe, P. Z.; Man, Y. B. Che; Ghazali, Hasanah Mohd

doi:10.1016/0308-8146(95)00178-6

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The CPO consists of about 50% saturated and 50% unsaturated FA. FA and TAG compositions of CPO, refined, bleached, and deodorized (RBD) palm oil and its fractions (RBD palm olein and RBD palm stearin) have been determined by gas-liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [16,17]. The main FA in palm oil are palmitic (P ,45%) and oleic (O ,40%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and structural behaviour of crude palm oil: Crystallisation at very slow cooling rate

Chong

Kamarudin

Lesieur

et al. 2007

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Thermal and structural behaviour of crude palm oil: Crystallisation at very slow cooling rateThe crystallisation behaviour of crude palm oil (CPO) has been examined with a new instrument coupling time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction with high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry at cooling rates of 0.1 and 0.4 7C/min from melt temperature to -20 7C, in order to determine the triacylglycerol (TAG) organisations formed as a function of temperature and thermal treatment. At slow cooling rate, CPO TAG sequentially crystallise in apparently two different lamellar structures with double-chain length of 41.9 Å and a triple-chain length of 62.8Å stackings of b' type, which are correlated to two main exothermic peaks at 26 and 8 7C, respectively. While a time-dependent slow b'?b irreversible transition is observed even at low temperature, it only affects a few percent of the TAG population. Subsequent heating at 1 7C/min showed no structural rearrangements of the crystalline forms observed before final melting, indicating that the main moiety of the system is close to equilibrium. Crystallisation at 0.4 7C/min has shown the formation of many additional structures, some of which are evanescent. An unexpected finding was the vicinity of the two lines corresponding to the two 2L (bilayered) structures and the isosbestic point located at 4.42 Å. Only careful analysis allowed the separation of both lines, the coexistence of which was related to the epitaxy/eutectic phenomenon, as evidenced by the simultaneous appearance of the 3L (trilayered) stackings at the same time of the second burst of the 2L stacking and the observation of the isosbestic point. The coexistence of b and b' forms even at high temperature demonstrates that the whole system is not in a two-phase domain but rather in a three-phase one (b 1 b' 1 liquid) in which all TAG molecules could not fit into a single b' structure. This is likely related with the granular phase separations observed in margarine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and structural behaviour of crude palm oil: Crystallisation at very slow cooling rate

Chong

Kamarudin

Lesieur

et al. 2007

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…There were 15 peaks in the chromatogram. These peaks were identified based on the retention times of TG standards and on the results of Swe et al (13,15), Ghazali et al (14), and Wong (16) Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensitivity was adjusted to 16 × 10 4 refractive index units full-scale deflection. TG peaks were identified based on TG standard and earlier results (13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of iodine value of palm oil based on triglyceride composition

Haryati

Man

Ghazali

et al. 1998

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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The triglyceride (TG) composition of palm oil is normally determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC chromatograms indicated a good separation of most of the TG components in the oil. The TG can be classified based on either the TG groups, i.e., triunsaturated, monosaturated, disaturated, or trisaturated, or the number of double bonds, i.e., zero, one, two, three, or four double bonds. The more unsaturated the fatty acid, the greater the iodine value (IV). Therefore, it is hypothesized that the IV of an oil can be determined based upon the TG composition of the oil. Based on the TG groups, stepwise regression analysis showed that the areas of the disaturated, trisaturated, and triunsaturated TG peaks could predict the IV with a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.990. The regression based on the number of double bonds yielded a good regression equation with R 2 = 0.992. The important variables were the peak area of the fatty acids that contained zero, one, two, and three double bonds. This study concludes that the TG composition can be used to predict the IV of palm oil. The best prediction model is obtained by using the number of double bonds in the TG as the independent variable. JAOCS 75, 789-792 (1998).

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“…The selection of the mobile phase is a major problem that is encountered when attempting RP-HPLC-TLS in the IR region; due to high absorption in the spectral region of interest, many hydroxylic liquids (such as water) are not suitable as eluents. However, the non-aqueous reversed phase (NARP)-HPLC, typically applied in analysis of triglycerides, [22,23] is a potential candidate for use with TLS detection. Since the majority of the free fatty acids elute in the non-aqueous part of the gradient profile (this holds also true for short chain RP columns [8] even in a case of the normal RP-HPLC method), one expects NARP-HPLC to successfully separate (RP-18 column guarantees sufficient retention for most of the medium chain length fatty acids) the individual free fatty acids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and Direct Detection of Long Chain Fatty Acids and their Methylesters by the Non‐Aqueous Reversed Phase HPLC and Silver Ion Chromatography, Combined with CO Laser Pumped Thermal Lens Spectrometry

Bićanić

Močnik

Franko

et al. 2006

Instrumentation Science & Technology

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The potential of the CO laser pumped dual beam thermal lens spectrometer (TLS) used as the detector of infrared (IR) absorbance in non-aqueous reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (NARP-HPLC) and argentation chromatography (Ag-HPLC-TLS) has been investigated. The linoleic acid C18:2 (9,11) cis, cis, the conjugated linoleic acid C18:2 (9,12) cis, cis, and (9,11) cis, cis and oleic acid C18:1 (9) cis free fatty acids present in the test mixture were separated and detected by NARP-HPLC-TLS directly, i.e., without a need for their prederivatization. The limit of detection (LOD) for the present NARP-HPLC-TLS set-up was determined using either oleic acid C18:1 (9) cis or linoleic acid C18:2 (9,12) cis, cis as the only analyte. The LOD obtained at 1750 cm 21 for C18:2 (9,12) cis, cis is 0.14% (v/v) with the standard deviation being 3.8% of the measured value. This is comparable to the LOD attainable by the bulk property refractive index detector (RID). For C18:1 (9) cis the LOD is 0.04% (v/v) with a standard deviation of 2.5%. The unique feature of the NARP-HPLC-TLS is its excellent selectivity; this was demonstrated experimentally by adding alcohols (octanol and decanol) that lack the C5 5O carbonyl group to the aforementioned mixture of three fatty acids.In another experiment, the Ag-HPLC-TLS in IR was used to directly detect two different mixtures of five fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) after separation on the column. The results were compared to those achieved by the conventional UV absorbance detector. Despite more favourable excitation cross sections of FAMEs in the IR, the concentration LOD obtained for Ag-HPLC-TLS is inferior to that of the Ag-HPLC-UV. However, the mass LOD (11 mg) achieved by Ag-HPLC-TLS in IR for C18:3 FAME is two times better than that of the Ag-HPLC-UV absorbance detector.High IR absorption of eluent restricts, at present, the sensitivity of the Ag-HPLC-TLS and NARP-HPLC-TLS. Improved LOD's are anticipated by a judicious choice of the mobile phase and after materialising several modifications of the experimental set-up.

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Improved NARP-HPLC method for separating triglycerides of palm olein and its solid fractions obtained at low temperature storage

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Thermal and structural behaviour of crude palm oil: Crystallisation at very slow cooling rate

Thermal and structural behaviour of crude palm oil: Crystallisation at very slow cooling rate

Determination of iodine value of palm oil based on triglyceride composition

Separation and Direct Detection of Long Chain Fatty Acids and their Methylesters by the Non‐Aqueous Reversed Phase HPLC and Silver Ion Chromatography, Combined with CO Laser Pumped Thermal Lens Spectrometry

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