Improved performance of p–n junction-based ZnO nanogenerators through CuSCN-passivation of ZnO nanorods

Jalali, Nimra; Woolliams, Peter; Stewart, M; Weaver, Paul M.; Cain, Markys G.; Dunn, Steve; Briscoe, Joe

doi:10.1039/c4ta01714e

Cited by 58 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The chemical reactions of ZnO nanorods by aqueous solution method at low temperature (o100 1C) are summarized in the following equations: 43,44 (CH 2 ) 6 N 4 + H 2 O -6HCHO + 4NH 3 (1)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as well as improving the properties of devices that already use such structures. 3,9,[40][41][42] In this work, high aspect ratio ZnO nanorods were synthesized in a single step using an aqueous solution method by altering the synthesis time and precursor concentration. A p-n junction was assembled by spray-coating a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) film on the top of the ZnO nanorods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of oxygen vacancies in ZnO nanorods by annealing and their influence on ZnO/PEDOT:PSS diode behaviour

Chen

et al. 2018

J. Mater. Chem. C

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152

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a ZnO is one of the most widely studied semiconductors due to its direct wide band gap and high exciton binding energy. Due to its ease of synthesis, robustness and low cost, ZnO has been applied in a wide range of devices, including nanogenerators, solar cells, and photodetectors. In this work, ZnO nanorods were synthesized in a single step using an aqueous method at temperatures below 100 1C. The nanorods were annealed in oxygen and nitrogen and a p-type polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) was spray coated onto the top of ZnO nanorods to form a p-n junction. The I-V characteristics of the device showed that the annealing atmosphere had a significant effect on the rectification ratio of the device. Further analysis using Mott-Schottky, photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that oxygen vacancy concentration correlated well with the free electron density in ZnO as well as the rectification ratio of the p-n junction devices. Devices made with ZnO nanorods annealed in nitrogen had a better rectification ratio than oxygen, representing a simple method to improve p-n junction diode behaviour through tuning the defect properties of the nanorods via controlled annealing.

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“…The chemical reactions of ZnO nanorods by aqueous solution method at low temperature (o100 1C) are summarized in the following equations: 43,44 (CH 2 ) 6 N 4 + H 2 O -6HCHO + 4NH 3 (1)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of oxygen vacancies in ZnO nanorods by annealing and their influence on ZnO/PEDOT:PSS diode behaviour

Chen

et al. 2018

J. Mater. Chem. C

Self Cite

152

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show abstract

“…Several attempts have been previously made to address this problem by spin-coating a p-type polymer to form a p-n junction [18][19][20][21][22][23]. This greatly improved the output performance of the nanogenerator by reducing the electron screening effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Piezoelectric performance enhancement of ZnO flexible nanogenerator by a NiO–ZnO p–n junction formation

et al. 2015

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“…Additionally, the presence of the template reduces both the likelihood of electrical shorting when the electrodes are applied in the final NG device, as well as the likelihood of gases being adsorbed onto the surface of the NWs. This can help reduce the effect of a reduced polarization potential due to external screening of the polarization charges resulting in a reduced output voltage, without the need for surface passivation as previously reported [41,42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vertically aligned zinc oxide nanowires electrodeposited within porous polycarbonate templates for vibrational energy harvesting

et al. 2016

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A piezoelectric nanogenerator has been fabricated using a simple, fast and scalable template-assisted electrodeposition process, by which vertically aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires were directly grown within a nanoporous polycarbonate (PC) template. The nanowires, having average diameter 184 nm and length 12 μm, are polycrystalline and have a preferred orientation of the [100] axis parallel to the long axis. The output power density of a nanogenerator fabricated from the as-grown ZnO nanowires still embedded within the PC template was found to be 151 ± 25 mW m−3 at an impedance-matched load, when subjected to a low-level periodic (5 Hz) impacting force akin to gentle finger tapping. An energy conversion efficiency of ∼4.2% was evaluated for the electrodeposited ZnO nanowires, and the ZnO–PC composite nanogenerator was found to maintain good energy harvesting performance through 24 h of continuous fatigue testing. This is particularly significant given that ZnO-based nanostructures typically suffer from mechanical and/or environmental degradation that otherwise limits their applicability in vibrational energy harvesting. Our template-assisted synthesis of ZnO nanowires embedded within a protective polymer matrix through a single growth process is thus attractive for the fabrication of low-cost, robust and stable nanogenerators.

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Improved performance of p–n junction-based ZnO nanogenerators through CuSCN-passivation of ZnO nanorods

Cited by 58 publications

References 28 publications

Control of oxygen vacancies in ZnO nanorods by annealing and their influence on ZnO/PEDOT:PSS diode behaviour

Control of oxygen vacancies in ZnO nanorods by annealing and their influence on ZnO/PEDOT:PSS diode behaviour

Piezoelectric performance enhancement of ZnO flexible nanogenerator by a NiO–ZnO p–n junction formation

Vertically aligned zinc oxide nanowires electrodeposited within porous polycarbonate templates for vibrational energy harvesting

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