Improved Performances of SiBCN Powders Modified Phenolic Resins-Carbon Fiber Composites

Abstract

The effect of SiBCN powder on properties of phenolic resins and composites was analyzed. Compared with phenolic resins, the thermal stability of SiBCN powder modified phenolic resins (the SiBCN phenolic resins) by characterization of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) improved clearly. It was found by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) that reactions between SiBCN powder and the pyrolysis product of phenolic resins were the main factor of the increased residual weight. TGA and static ablation of a muffle furnace were used to illustrate the roles of SiBCN powder on increasing oxidation resistance of SiBCN powder-modified phenolic resin–carbon fiber composites (SiBCN–phenolic/C composites), and the oxidative product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For SiBCN–phenolic/C composites, the occurrence of oxidation reaction and the formation of protective crust contributed to improving oxidative resistance. The result of the oxygen-acetylene test showed that the linear ablation rate (LAR) and mass ablation rate (MAR) of phenolic resin–carbon fiber composites reduced from 0.052 ± 0.005 mm/s to 0.038 ± 0.004 mm/s and from 0.050 ± 0.004 g/s to 0.043 ± 0.001 g/s by introducing SiBCN powder, respectively. The mechanism of ablation resistance after the introduction of SiBCN powder was investigated. The high melt-viscosity of SiBCN powder caused SiBCN powder to remain on the surface of composites and protect the internal resins and carbon fibers. The oxidation of SiBCN powder and volatilization of oxide can consume energy and oxygen, thus the ablation resistance of SiBCN–Ph composite was improved.

Mechanical properties and oxidative ablation behaviors of polysilazane‐modified phenolic resin aerogel/carbon fiber fabric composites

“…The carbon/ceramic network can maintain its structure at high temperatures and resist oxidation due to the presence of the ceramic component. The carbon/ceramic network structure weakens the contact between the fiber and the gas stream, which hinders the pyrolysis of the internal material 56 . Therefore, these carbon fibers exposed to the oxyacetylene flame dissipate a significant amount of incident convective heat through surface radiation.…”

“…The carbon/ ceramic network structure weakens the contact between the fiber and the gas stream, which hinders the pyrolysis of the internal material. 56 Therefore, these carbon fibers exposed to the oxyacetylene flame dissipate a significant amount of incident convective heat through surface radiation. In the carbonization layer, the aerogel around the fibers has larger pores and sparser networks than the original layer, which is caused by the carbonization of PSZ-PRAs.…”

Enhanced ablation resistance of carbon/phenolic composites based on mesophase pitch reinforced particles

“…To address these challenges, many works have been carried out, such as the introduction of B-based ceramics, 12,13 Si-based ceramics, 14,15 Zr-based ceramics 16,17 into PR, many studies have shown that the introduction of ceramics prevents the oxidation of residue char, as a high temperature resistant ceramic coating can be formed during the ablation. However, in the actual manufacturing process, there are certain manufacturing difficulties due to the difference in density between the filler and the resin matrix.…”

Effect of Zr on the solid sintering process of SiBCN ceramics: Diffusion couple method experiment and DFT calculation

“…The incorporation of these is expected to enhance their performance under extreme circumstances. 10,16,17 Typically, multiphase ceramics with metals are commonly employed as aeronautical materials, due to their excellent performance under extreme thermal shock. 18–23 …”

“…The incorporation of these is expected to enhance their performance under extreme circumstances. 10,16,17 Typically, multiphase ceramics with metals are commonly employed as aeronautical materials, due to their excellent performance under extreme thermal shock. [18][19][20][21][22][23] In spite of the promising property of multiphase ceramics, [24][25][26] the improvement mechanisms on mechanical properties of metal-SiBCN remain unclear.…”