Improved pitting corrosion resistance of AISI 316L stainless steel treated by high current pulsed electron beam

Grain refinement, hardening and metastable phase formation by high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) treatment under heating and melting modes

“…1a) and wear resistance (Fig. 1b) in the case of steels [6]. The surface properties revealed in Fig.…”

“…As a result, improved surface properties, often unattainable with conventional surface treatment techniques, can be obtained fairly easily. This is particularly true for tribological [2,4] and corrosion properties [5][6][7]. The material surfaces were treated using a Nadezhda-2 type LEHCPEB apparatus [4,8].…”

Various categories of defects after surface alloying induced by high current pulsed electron beam irradiation

“…Several Ref. [25,30] were shown that the craters were often nucleated in steels at second-phase particles like carbides and inclusions. In this case, some carbides and oxidations might gather here which were hard to dissolve after few times irradiations.…”

“…In the process of cooling, the rate of temperate change reached to 10 8 K/s. On one hand, this kind of extreme processing promoted precipitation of a great number of intermetallic compound [30,31] or even amorphous alloys [26,32] with high brittleness. On the other hand, the thermal stress concentrated distinctly after HCPEB [5].…”

Modifications in the melted surface layer under low energy high current pulsed electron beam (LEHCPEB) treatment

“…Because the corrosion and wear properties [7,8] after LEHCPEB are determined by the final structure, investigations of the phase transformation, microstructure and texture evolutions in the melted and heat affected zones have already been investigated for steels [6,[8][9][10], Mg alloys [11] and intermetallics [12]. However, detailed analyses of the development of microstructure in the solidified layer are still rather scarce [13,14].…”