Improved process for the production of cellulose sulfate using sulfuric acid/ethanol solution

Guo, Chuigen; Zhang, Bin; Zhao, Jun; Chen, Hongwen

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.003

Cited by 61 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There are some changes worth highlighting, the first is for conjugation, functionalization of CNC with azetidinium salt. In the unmodified CNC sample, there is a small peak at 815 cm -1 corresponding to symmetric stretching of the sulphate ester linkages (S-O-C) (Chen et al 2013), that shifts to 796 cm -1 in the modified samples. This indicates a substitution with an electropositive substituent on the sulphate ester, resulting in the formation of a sulphate diester, supporting the conclusion that grafting of an azetidinium salt has occurred.…”

Section: Characterisation Of the Chemical Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface treatment of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): effects on dispersion rheology

et al. 2017

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were surface modified by grafting azetidinium salts onto the sulphate ester groups on the cellulosic surfaces. The modified CNC were characterized using NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, conductometric titration and measurement of the f-potential. Thermal gravimetrical analysis revealed that the onset temperature for the thermal degradation was shifted upwards by almost 100°C as a result of the surface grafting. The rheological properties of dispersions based on unmodified and modified CNC were evaluated in detail. Two solids contents were studied; 0.65 and 1.3 wt%. In general, the grafting of the salts significantly increased the shear viscosity at a given shear rate as well as the storage and loss moduli of the dispersions. The CNC concentration at the gel point (network formation) decreased in a corresponding manner when the nanocellulosic particles were surface modified. This may be associated with pronounced hydrophobic attractive interactions between the grafted substituents.

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Section: Characterisation Of the Chemical Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface treatment of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): effects on dispersion rheology

et al. 2017

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“…Kanji sulfat adalah terbitan kanji yang bersifat anionik kerana kumpulan hidroksil pada kedudukan 2, 3 dan 6 dalam unit anhidroglukosa (AGU) kanji digantikan sebahagian atau sepenuhnya oleh kumpulan sulfat (Chen et al 2013). Darjah penukargantian bagi kanji sulfat yang tinggi menyumbang kepada sifat dan aktiviti biologi yang lebih baik dalam pelbagai aplikasi (Cui et al 2011).…”

Section: Pengenalanunclassified

“…Penyediaan terdahulu kanji/selulosa sulfat dilakukan dengan reagen dan pelarut yang berlainan seperti asid klorosulfonik-natrium klorida (Sparrow et al 1958), sulfur trioksida-dimetil sulfoksida (Whistler 1970), asid klorosulfonik-dimetil formamida (Zhang et al 2011a) dan asid klorosulfonik-piridina (Zhang et al 2011b). Beberapa kelemahan seperti kos yang tinggi, pencemaran alam sekitar dan toksik atau berbahaya telah menghadkan penghasilan kanji sulfat yang lebih meluas menggunakan kaedah yang dibincangkan awal tadi (Chen et al 2013;Cui et al 2011). Kaedah yang lebih baik telah dibangunkan oleh Chen et al (2013), Cui et al (2011) dan Yao (2000 dengan masing-masing menggunakan asid sulfurik-etanolnatrium sulfat kontang, asid sulfurik-etanol-air dan asid sulfurik-n-propanol kitar semula.…”

Section: Pengenalanunclassified

“…Beberapa kelemahan seperti kos yang tinggi, pencemaran alam sekitar dan toksik atau berbahaya telah menghadkan penghasilan kanji sulfat yang lebih meluas menggunakan kaedah yang dibincangkan awal tadi (Chen et al 2013;Cui et al 2011). Kaedah yang lebih baik telah dibangunkan oleh Chen et al (2013), Cui et al (2011) dan Yao (2000 dengan masing-masing menggunakan asid sulfurik-etanolnatrium sulfat kontang, asid sulfurik-etanol-air dan asid sulfurik-n-propanol kitar semula.…”

Section: Pengenalanunclassified

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Sintesis dan Sifat Termal Natrium Kanji Sulfat Dioscorea pentaphylla

Sharlina

Lazim²,

Yaacob³

2017

JSM

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“…Slurry of starch and water in a mass ratio of 1: 3 was placed in aluminum pan, sealed and let for 1 hour. Then the aluminum pan containing the sample was heated from 25 to 100 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C/min [9].…”

Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

SYNTHESIS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CATIONIC POLYMERIC SURFACTANT FROM Dioscorea pyrifolia STARCH

Suhaimi

Ahmad²,

Lazim³

2016

MJAS

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Cationic starch-based polymeric surfactant, 2-hydroxy-3-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)propyloxy starch (S-ETAC) from Dioscorea pyrifolia tubers, was synthesized by etherification using 2,3-epoxytrimethylammonium chloride (ETAC) in the mass ratio of ETAC/starch (St) of 0.15:1, 0.25:1, 0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1 g/g and sodium hydroxide as a catalyst in aqueous medium. The degree of substitution (DS) and reaction efficiency (RE) were calculated using the percentage of nitrogen derived from the elemental analysis. The study found that the more the ETAC used, the higher the DS (0:11 to 0.76), but the RE decreased (69% to 35%). This S-ETAC was characterized by using the solubility and swelling power tests as well as attenuated total reflectanceFourier transform infra-red (ATR -FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to prove the reaction occurs at the starch structure.Keywords: cationic starch, etherification, Dioscorea pyrifolia Abstrak Surfaktan polimer berasaskan kanji kationik, kanji 2-hidroksi-3-(N,N,N-trimetilammonium)propiloksi (S-ETAC) dari ubi Dioscorea pyrifolia, telah disintesis melalui tindak balas pengeteran menggunakan 2,3-epoksitrimetilammonium klorida (ETAC) dalam nisbah jisim ETAC/kanji (St) 0.15: 1, 0.25: 1, 0.5: 1, 1: 1, 2: 1 g/g dan natrium hidroksida sebagai pemangkin dalam medium akueus. Darjah penukargantian (DS) dan kecekapan tindak balas (RE) telah dikira menggunakan peratusan nitrogen yang diperolehi daripada penganalisis unsur. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa lebih banyak ETAC yang digunakan, semakin tinggi DS (0.11 kepada 0.76), tetapi RE menurun (69% kepada 35%). S-ETAC dicirikan dengan menggunakan ujian keterlarutan dan kuasa pembengkakkan serta spektroskopi transformasi Fourier inframerah -jumlah pantulan teratenuat (FTIR -ATR), kalorimetri pengimbas pembezaan (DSC) dan pembelauan sinar-X (XRD) untuk membuktikan bahawa tindak balas berlaku pada struktur kanji.

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Improved process for the production of cellulose sulfate using sulfuric acid/ethanol solution

Cited by 61 publications

References 19 publications

Surface treatment of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): effects on dispersion rheology

Surface treatment of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): effects on dispersion rheology

Sintesis dan Sifat Termal Natrium Kanji Sulfat Dioscorea pentaphylla

SYNTHESIS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CATIONIC POLYMERIC SURFACTANT FROM Dioscorea pyrifolia STARCH

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