Improved Rate Control and Motion Estimation for H.264 Encoder

Merritt, Lewis; Vanam, Rahul

doi:10.1109/icip.2007.4379827

Cited by 74 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…We apply the proposed approach to six kernels: multiplication of two 64 × 64 matrices (MAT64), the motion estimation (ME) algorithm [15] used in X264, the Sobel edge detection algorithm (Sobel) [17], Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) of Asian Option Pricing [16], 1-D correlation and k-means clustering [18]; Table 3 shows benchmark parameters. Each benchmark contains the MapReduce patterns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vanam [15], used in X264, is highly computation- intensive. To determine the motion vectors for each macro block of the frame being encoded, the algorithm performs multiple searches on the reference frames.…”

Section: Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm By Merritt Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• applications with implicit MapReduce pattern, such as the motion estimation algorithm [15] used in X264; • applications with MapReduce pattern at any loop level, such as the Monte Carlo simulation of Asian Options [16]; • applications with 2-D MapReduce patterns, such as edge detection [17]; and • application with multi-level MapReduce patterns, such as k-means clustering [18].…”

Section: The Proposed Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automated Mapping of the MapReduce Pattern onto Parallel Computing Platforms

Liu

Todman

Luk

et al. 2010

J Sign Process Syst

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The MapReduce pattern can be found in many important applications, and can be exploited to significantly improve system parallelism. Unlike previous work, in which designers explicitly specify how to exploit the pattern, we develop a compilation approach for mapping applications with the MapReduce pattern automatically onto Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based parallel computing platforms. We formulate the problem of mapping the MapReduce pattern to hardware as a geometric programming model; this model exploits loop-level parallelism and pipelining to give an optimal implementation on given hardware resources. The approach is capable of handling single and multiple nested MapReduce patterns. Furthermore, we explore important variations of MapReduce, such as using a linear structure rather than a tree structure for merging intermediate results generated in parallel. Results for six benchmarks show that our approach can find performance-optimal designs in the design space, improving system performance by up to 170 times compared to the initial designs on the target platform.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm By Merritt Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Proposed Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automated Mapping of the MapReduce Pattern onto Parallel Computing Platforms

Liu

Todman

Luk

et al. 2010

J Sign Process Syst

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“…The R-D optimization algorithm in x264 applies empirical models to select a QP for the each frame, which is subsequently mapped to a λ, in order to achieve a target bitrate [4]. The remaining encoding decisions are made by minimizing Eq.…”

Section: A Quality Optimized Encodermentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality versus intelligibility: Evaluating the coding trade-offs for American Sign Language video

Ciaramello

Hemami

2010

2010 44th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)

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Abstract-Real-time videoconferencing using cellular devices provides natural communication to the Deaf community. Compressed American Sign Language video must be evaluated in terms of the intelligibility of the conversation and not in terms of the overall aesthetic quality of the video. This work studies the trade-offs between intelligibility and quality when varying the proportion of the rate allocated explicitly to the signer. An intelligibility distortion measure and a quality measure (PSNR) are applied in a rate-distortion optimization framework and a novel encoding technique controls the degree to which intelligibility is emphasized over quality. Understanding the relationship between intelligibility and quality allows the encoder to identify operating points that maximize PSNR while maintaining a minimal level of intelligibility. At fixed bitrates, PSNR can be increased on average by 5 dB with little penalty in intelligibility by providing a nominal amount of rate to the background region. Further increases in PSNR can be achieved at the price of reduced intelligibility.

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“…The x264 encoder was compared with different commercial H.264 encoders and found to provide the best quality in terms of PSNR, DCT-based video quality metric, and structural similarity metric [4]. In [5], the x264 encoder was compared with the JM reference encoder (ver 10.2) [6] and was shown to be 50 times faster while providing bit rates within 5% for the same PSNR.…”

Section: The Problem Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Encoder Parameter Selection Algorithms for Complexity Distortion Tradeoff

Vanam

Riskin

Ladner

2009

2009 Data Compression Conference

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The H.264 encoder has input parameters that determine the bit rate and distortion of the compressed video and the encoding complexity. A set of encoder parameters is referred to as a parameter setting. We previously proposed two offline algorithms for choosing H.264 encoder parameter settings that have distortion-complexity performance close to the parameter settings obtained from an exhaustive search, but take significantly fewer encodings. However they generate only a few parameter settings. If there is no available parameter settings for a given encode time, the encoder will need to use a lower complexity parameter setting resulting in a decrease in peak-signal-tonoise-ratio (PSNR). In this paper, we propose two algorithms for finding additional parameter settings over our previous algorithm and show that they improve the PSNR by up to 0.71 dB and 0.43 dB, respectively. We test both our algorithms on Linux and PocketPC platforms.

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Improved Rate Control and Motion Estimation for H.264 Encoder

Cited by 74 publications

References 2 publications

Automated Mapping of the MapReduce Pattern onto Parallel Computing Platforms

Automated Mapping of the MapReduce Pattern onto Parallel Computing Platforms

Quality versus intelligibility: Evaluating the coding trade-offs for American Sign Language video

H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Encoder Parameter Selection Algorithms for Complexity Distortion Tradeoff

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