Improved removal of electrocardiogram baseline wandering

Abstract

Baseline wandering interference causes inaccurate detection of electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristics such as detection of the R point. This paper presents a novel phase spacebased approach for baseline wandering removal of ECG signals. The baseline wander contaminated ECG signal is transformed to the phase space by using the signal derivative. Baseline wandering was eliminated by shifting loops of the ECG phase portrait on a predefined fixed position. This resulted in signal discontinuities in time domain which were solved using linear correction. The method was evaluated on synthetized ECG signals and on signals from the MIT-BIH database. Results show an improvement of signal-to-noise ratio after baseline wandering removal in phase space, comparable with related works, and efficient elimination of time-domain discontinuities in time domain.

Dynamical investigation and FPGA implementation of a new Heartbeat model based on the Barrio-Varea-Aragon-Maini oscillator

“…The voltage corresponding to the high logic level of the Artix-7 board is 3.3 V which can be considered as the reference voltage for the DAC module; since the conversion here is on 16 bits, the resolution of the converter is r = 3.3V/(2 16 −1) = 0.0000503 V; since the maximum value of the state variables is 17; the maximum voltage at the output of the DAC would be 17xr = 0.000856V; this maximum value cannot be visualised correctly, so there is need to amplify it in such a way that at this value we will reach the full scale of the converter, so the value of the amplification constant (A) Finally, the value to be sent to the digital to analog converter is given by (44). The output voltage of the converter is given by (45); to restore the symmetry of the original data, the offset added previously is subtracted (in terms of voltage) from the converted data as in (46). The parameter C is varied within the range 2.2C3.27 and the resulting phases portrait in the (x 3 -x 4 ) plan are captured in figure 31 which shows the comparison between the theoretical results obtained from MATLAB simulations and experimental results obtained from the FPGA board on a digital storage oscilloscope; we can observe the route to chaos phenomenon C = 2.2 periodic-1 orbit; C = 2.34 periodic-2 orbit; C = 2.37 periodic-4 orbit; C = 2.44 periodic-8 orbit; C = 2.46 chaotic motion.…”

On the nonlinear dynamics of a cardiac electrical conduction system model: theoretical and experimental study

“…Recall that a normal ECG of the heart is the superposition of the P wave, the QRS complex, the T wave, and sometimes the U wave; so, the healthy heartbeat displays a periodic-3 or periodic-4 orbits means a healthy heart; this is illustrated in [23][24][25] . periodic-1 or periodic-2 orbit means a heart with bradycardia.…”