Improved strength of silk fibers in Bombyx mori trimolters induced by an anti-juvenile hormone compound

Guo, Kaiyu; Dong, Zhaoming; Wang, Dandan; Tang, Muya; Zhang, Xiaolu; Xia, Qingyou; Zhao, Ping

doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.02.007

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Regarding the tensile behavior, FERREIRA et al [26] believe that the nonlinear stress-strain portion prior to fracture is due to the delamination of one or more fiber-cells due to the weakening of the lignin and hemicellulose during the loading process. A similar tensile behavior is also presented by [11].…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

“…As the nutrition of silkworm is a key parameter to improve silk quality, many studies are being carried out, aiming to enrich the diet of the silkworm, resulting in better quality fibers [6][7][8][9]. These studies focused on artificial diet pretreatment with graphene, hormone compounds and nanoparticles diets [10][11][12]. According to WANG et al [13] the use of carbon nanotubes on silkworm diet increased the mechanical strength of silk in about 37%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of pyraclostrobin on mulberry leaves nutrients, silkworm cocoon production and silk fiber performance

et al. 2021

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The present work evaluates the effect of pyraclostrobin fungicide on the nutritional quality of mulberry leaves, silkworm cocoon production and silk fiber mechanical performance. The evaluation was performed in two consecutive years. In Spring 2015, mulberry plants were treated twice with 4 doses of pyraclostrobin (0, 100, 200, and 300 g.ha-1), 30 and 15 days before pruning of the branches. In Spring 2016, the same plants received the same doses of pyraclostrobin only 30 days before pruning of the branches. Fifth instar caterpillars were fed on treated mulberry leaves. The mineral content of mulberry leaves was determined on pruning day of the branches and 30 days before. The consumption of mulberry leaves and the mortality rate of the caterpillars fed with the treated leaves was verified, and the cocoons obtained were classified and weighed. Silk fibers were submitted to mechanical evaluation by tensile test. Morphological and physical modification were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In 2015, the mortality of caterpillars fed on leaves treated with pyraclostrobin was at least 26.7% higher than the control. At 2016 even with a single application the weight of the cocoons was lower. The main variation in the mineral content was observed in Mn and Fe nutrients. Mineral intake had a noticeable effect in both crystallinity and tensile strength. Results show that the use of pyraclostrobin may reduce the mechanical behavior of silk thread up to 70%, indicating that its use is not indicated for mulberry planting aiming silk feeding.

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supporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pyraclostrobin on mulberry leaves nutrients, silkworm cocoon production and silk fiber performance

et al. 2021

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“…In B. mori and P. xuthus , the expression of SUC2 was much weaker than that of SUC1 . Three conserved active sites are essential for β-fructofuranosidase hydrolytic activity: Asp 63 (D), which acts as a catalytic nucleophile; Asp 181 (D), which can bind to characteristic hydroxyl groups of the substrate; and Glu 234 (E), which is believed to be a proton donor to the glycosidic oxygen of sucrose ( Guo, Wang, et al 2018 ). These sites were not conserved in SUC2s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2008 ; Yang et al. 2016 ; Gan, Zhang, et al 2018 ; Guo, Wang, et al 2018 ). Our transcriptome investigations revealed that the interruption of BmSUC1 elicited significant alterations in DEGs associated with carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, which suggests that the SUC1 acquired by HGT participates in nutritional metabolism and plays an essential role in larval metabolic homeostasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Horizontal Gene Transfer and Gene Duplication of β-Fructofuranosidase Confer Lepidopteran Insects Metabolic Benefits

Dai

Kiuchi

Zhou

et al. 2021

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a potentially critical source of material for ecological adaptation and the evolution of novel genetic traits. However, reports on post-transfer duplication in organism genomes are lacking, and the evolutionary advantages conferred on the recipient are generally poorly understood. Sucrase plays an important role in insect physiological growth and development. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of insect β-fructofuranosidase transferred from bacteria via HGT. We found that post-transfer duplications of β-fructofuranosidase were widespread in Lepidoptera and sporadic occurrences of β-fructofuranosidase were found in Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. β-fructofuranosidase genes often undergo modifications, such as gene duplication, differential gene loss, and changes in mutation rates. Lepidopteran β-fructofuranosidase gene (SUC) clusters showed marked divergence in gene expression patterns and enzymatic properties in Bombyx mori (moth) and Papilio xuthus (butterfly). We generated SUC1 mutations in B. mori using CRISPR/Cas9 to thoroughly examine the physiological function of SUC. BmSUC1 mutant larvae were viable but displayed delayed growth and reduced sucrase activities that included susceptibility to the sugar mimic alkaloid found in high concentrations in mulberry. BmSUC1 served as a critical sucrase and supported metabolic homeostasis in the larval midgut and silk gland, suggesting that gene transfer of β-fructofuranosidase enhanced the digestive and metabolic adaptation of lepidopteran insects. These findings highlight not only the universal function of β-fructofuranosidase with a link to the maintenance of carbohydrate metabolism but also an underexplored function in the silk gland. This study expands our knowledge of post-transfer duplication and subsequent functional diversification in the adaptive evolution and lineage-specific adaptation of organisms.

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Identification and characterization of sericin5 reveals non-cocoon silk sericin components with high β-sheet content and adhesive strength

et al. 2022

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Improved strength of silk fibers in Bombyx mori trimolters induced by an anti-juvenile hormone compound

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

Effect of pyraclostrobin on mulberry leaves nutrients, silkworm cocoon production and silk fiber performance

Effect of pyraclostrobin on mulberry leaves nutrients, silkworm cocoon production and silk fiber performance

Horizontal Gene Transfer and Gene Duplication of β-Fructofuranosidase Confer Lepidopteran Insects Metabolic Benefits

Identification and characterization of sericin5 reveals non-cocoon silk sericin components with high β-sheet content and adhesive strength

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