Improved temporal resolution in cardiac imaging using through‐time spiral GRAPPA

Seiberlich, Nicole; Lee, Gregory; Ehses, Philipp; Duerk, Jeffrey L.; Gilkeson, Robert C.; Griswold, Mark A.

doi:10.1002/mrm.22952

Cited by 51 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In conclusion, a rapid technique for quantitative abdominal imaging was developed by using an FISP MR fingerprinting acquisition in combination with the Bloch-Siegert B 1 mapping method, coverage within a breath hold (23)(24)(25). Finally, validation experiments were conducted in phantoms and not in patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Fingerprinting for Rapid Quantitative Abdominal Imaging

Chen¹,

Jiang²,

Pahwa³

et al. 2016

Radiology

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).q RSNA, 2016 Purpose:To develop a magnetic resonance (MR) "fingerprinting" technique for quantitative abdominal imaging. Materials and Methods:This HIPAA-compliant study had institutional review board approval, and informed consent was obtained from all subjects. To achieve accurate quantification in the presence of marked B 0 and B 1 field inhomogeneities, the MR fingerprinting framework was extended by using a twodimensional fast imaging with steady-state free precession, or FISP, acquisition and a Bloch-Siegert B 1 mapping method. The accuracy of the proposed technique was validated by using agarose phantoms. Quantitative measurements were performed in eight asymptomatic subjects and in six patients with 20 focal liver lesions. A two-tailed Student t test was used to compare the T1 and T2 results in metastatic adenocarcinoma with those in surrounding liver parenchyma and healthy subjects. Results:Phantom experiments showed good agreement with standard methods in T1 and T2 after B 1 correction. In vivo studies demonstrated that quantitative T1, T2, and B 1 maps can be acquired within a breath hold of approximately 19 seconds. T1 and T2 measurements were compatible with those in the literature. Representative values included the following: liver, 745 msec 6 65 (standard deviation) and 31 msec 6 6; renal medulla, 1702 msec 6 205 and 60 msec 6 21; renal cortex, 1314 msec 6 77 and 47 msec 6 10; spleen, 1232 msec 6 92 and 60 msec 6 19; skeletal muscle, 1100 msec 6 59 and 44 msec 6 9; and fat, 253 msec 6 42 and 77 msec 6 16, respectively. T1 and T2 in metastatic adenocarcinoma were 1673 msec 6 331 and 43 msec 6 13, respectively, significantly different from surrounding liver parenchyma relaxation times of 840 msec 6 113 and 28 msec 6 3 (P , .0001 and P , .01) and those in hepatic parenchyma in healthy volunteers (745 msec 6 65 and 31 msec 6 6, P , .0001 and P = .021, respectively). Conclusion:A rapid technique for quantitative abdominal imaging was developed that allows simultaneous quantification of multiple tissue properties within one 19-second breath hold, with measurements comparable to those in published literature.q RSNA, 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Fingerprinting for Rapid Quantitative Abdominal Imaging

Chen¹,

Jiang²,

Pahwa³

et al. 2016

Radiology

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192

228

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“…One approach is to collect fully-sampled data separately from the acquisition of the accelerated data (Figure 11b). The instances for a particular kernel can then be gathered by moving the kernel inside a small segment of the fully-sampled k-space around the target point; by collecting several repetitions before or after the undersampled acquisition and gathering instances through time [70,71]; or by collecting instances over many partitions of k-space, in the case of 3D datasets [72]. A combination of these techniques can also be used.…”

Section: Non-cartesian Parallel Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-Cartesian GRAPPA algorithms have been developed for various trajectories, including radial [70], variable-density and uniform-density spiral [71,74], rosette [75], and BLADE/PROPELLER trajectories [76,77]. Although more computation is required for non-Cartesian as compared to Cartesian GRAPPA, it is well-suited to parallelization on graphics cards because each target point can be reconstructed independently from other target points.…”

Section: Non-cartesian Parallel Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in parallel imaging for MRI

Hamilton

Franson

Seiberlich

2017

Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an essential technology in modern medicine. However, one of its main drawbacks is the long scan time needed to localize the MR signal in space to generate an image. This review article summarizes some basic principles and recent developments in parallel imaging, a class of image reconstruction techniques for shortening scan time. First, the fundamentals of MRI data acquisition are covered, including the concepts of k-space, undersampling, and aliasing. It is demonstrated that scan time can be reduced by sampling a smaller number of phase encoding lines in k-space; however, without further processing, the resulting images will be degraded by aliasing artifacts. Nearly all modern clinical scanners acquire data from multiple independent receiver coil arrays. Parallel imaging methods exploit properties of these coil arrays to separate aliased pixels in the image domain or to estimate missing k-space data using knowledge of nearby acquired k-space points. Three parallel imaging methods—SENSE, GRAPPA, and SPIRiT—are described in detail, since they are employed clinically and form the foundation for more advanced methods. These techniques can be extended to non-Cartesian sampling patterns, where the collected k-space points do not fall on a rectangular grid. Non-Cartesian acquisitions have several beneficial properties, the most important being the appearance of incoherent aliasing artifacts. Recent advances in simultaneous multi-slice imaging are presented next, which use parallel imaging to disentangle images of several slices that have been acquired at once. Parallel imaging can also be employed to accelerate 3D MRI, in which a contiguous volume is scanned rather than sequential slices. Another class of phase-constrained parallel imaging methods takes advantage of both image magnitude and phase to achieve better reconstruction performance. Finally, some applications are presented of parallel imaging being used to accelerate MR Spectroscopic Imaging.

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“…Then, kernels can be determined for each spatial point. In a further extension of this approach using a spiral k-space readout, 31 a temporal resolution of 29 milliseconds for spatial resolution of better than 2 mm is reported. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Breathing Real-Time Cardiac Cine Imaging With Improved Spatial Resolution at 3 T

Schwab¹,

Schwarz²,

Dietrich³

et al. 2013

Investigative Radiology

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate free-breathing single-shot real-time cine imaging for functional cardiac imaging at 3 T with increased spatial resolution. Special emphasis of this study was placed on the influence of parallel imaging techniques. Materials and Methods: Gradient echo phantom images were acquired with GRAPPA and modified SENSE reconstruction using both integrated and separate reference scans as well as TGRAPPA and TSENSE. In vivo measurements were performed for GRAPPA reconstruction with an integrated and a separate reference scan, as well as TGRAPPA using balanced steady-state free precession protocols. Three clinical protocols, rtLRInt (T res = 51.3 milliseconds; voxel, 2.5 Â 5.0 Â 10 mm 3 ), rtMRSep (T res = 48.8 milliseconds; voxel, 1.9 Â 3.1 Â 10 mm 3 ), and rtHRSep (T res = 48.3 milliseconds; voxel, 1.6 Â 2.6 Â 10 mm 3 ), were investigated on 20 volunteers using GRAPPA reconstruction with internal as well as separate reference scans. End-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, ejection fraction, peak ejection rate, peak filling rate, and myocardial mass were evaluated for the left ventricle and compared with an electrocardiogram-triggered segmented readout cine protocol used as standard of reference. All studies were performed at 3 T. Results: Phantom and in vivo data demonstrate that the combination of GRAPPA reconstruction with a separate reference scan provides an optimal compromise of image quality as well as spatial and temporal resolution. Functional values (P values) for the standard of reference, rtLRInt, rtMRSep, and rtHRSep end-diastolic volume were 141 T 24 mL, 138 T 21 mL, 138 T 19 mL, and 128 T 33 mL, respectively (P = 0.7, 0.7, 0.4); end-systolic volume, 55 T 15 mL, 61 T 14 mL, 58 T 12 mL, and 55 T 20 mL, respectively (P = 0.23, 0.43, 0.62); ejection fraction, 61% T 5%, 57% T 5%, 58% T 4%, and 56% T 8%, respectively (P = 0.01, 0.11, 0.06); peak ejection rate, 481 T 73 mL/s, 425 T 62 mL/s, 434 T 67 mL/s, and 381 T 86 mL/s, respectively (P = 0.03, 0.04, 0.01); peak filling rate, 555 T 80 mL/s, 480 T 70 mL/s, 500 T 70 mL/s, and 438 T 108 mL/s, respectively (P = 0.007, 0.05, 0.004); and myocardial mass, 137 T 26 g, 141 T 25 g, 141 T 23 g, and 130 T 31 g, respectively (P = 0.62, 0.54, 0.99). Conclusions: Using a separate reference scan and high acceleration factors up to R = 6, single-shot real-time cardiac imaging offers adequate temporal and spatial resolution for accurate assessment of global left ventricular function in free breathing with short examination times.

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Improved temporal resolution in cardiac imaging using through‐time spiral GRAPPA

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

MR Fingerprinting for Rapid Quantitative Abdominal Imaging

MR Fingerprinting for Rapid Quantitative Abdominal Imaging

Recent advances in parallel imaging for MRI

Free Breathing Real-Time Cardiac Cine Imaging With Improved Spatial Resolution at 3 T

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