Improved Three-Phase AFD Islanding Detection Based on Digital Control and Non-Detection Zone Elimination

Zheng, Xinxin; Zhang, Rui; Chen, Xi; Sun, Nong

doi:10.3390/en11092421

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The original rules of distorting the generated power grid current using the AFD method were related to single-phase systems [28]. However, to switch to the three-phase supply system, it was necessary to slightly modify the control system in which the current distortion is calculated [25]. One of the most important physical quantities in the control system presented in Figure 3 is the phase angle ϑ eu signal of the voltage vector of the supply network.…”

Section: Description Of Three-phase Standard Afd Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods change the frequency in the island part of the power grid to the maximum or minimum frequency value limit. Popular among the literature is the Active Frequency Drift (AFD) method, which uses a unique form of the generated current waveform where, for a fraction of the time of the supply voltage period, the current is 0 [24,25]. However, when there is no island operation, this method reduces the amount of energy fed to the grid and significantly lowers the quality of the generated current (more significant harmonic distortion).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Implementation of the Improved Active Frequency Drift Anti-Islanding Method into the Three-Phase AC/DC Converter with the LCL Grid Filter

Dmitruk

Sikorski

2022

Energies

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The article presents a modified standard Active Frequency Drift (AFD) method used to detect unintentional island operation in converters generating electricity from renewable energy sources to the power grid. The primary aim of each of the island operation detection methods is the possibility of shortening the energising of a separate part of the power grid. The proposed method eliminates fragments of the reference current signal when it reaches a constant value for a particular time. This part of the signal is replaced with the hyperbolic sine function. It allows reducing the value of Total Harmonic Distortions (THD) while maintaining the same effectiveness of island operation detection. The article contains a detailed description of the newly proposed type of disturbance generation. The proposed solution is verified by conducting simulation and laboratory tests. The possibility of shortening the island operation detection time is proven by increasing the maximum distortion introduced into the current without exceeding the permissible THD limit for converters connected to the power grid.

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Section: Description Of Three-phase Standard Afd Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of the Improved Active Frequency Drift Anti-Islanding Method into the Three-Phase AC/DC Converter with the LCL Grid Filter

Dmitruk

Sikorski

2022

Energies

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“…This provides the relevant amounts of energy conservation and energy dispersion in RLC circuits. The Q f is proportional to the NDZ and consequently the NDZ must be as low as possible 187 …”

Section: Performance Analysis Of Idmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on intelligent islanding detection techniques for renewable energy integrated power system

Panigrahi

Bhuyan

Shukla

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Renewable sources of energy are used extensively in the distribution grid to meet the need for growing electricity demand and to resolve the global heating crisis caused by traditional energy sources. They offer many advantages like better efficiency, power quality, and lower air pollution. One of the vital issues with these integrations is islanding condition arising due to the sudden disconnection of grid because of some abnormal situations; however, the distributed generation (DG) retains the power supply to the local loads. Thus, efficient detection of islanding and quick detachment of DG are vital to prevent failure of equipments, grid safety disruption, and risks to personnel safety. In this context, this article represents a comprehensive review of islanding issues and different islanding detection methods (IDMs) that provide a detailed assessment for filling the research gap and thereby highlights the various issues related to island detection. A broad classification of IDMs is established based on the conventional and modern techniques such as local (Active, Passive & Hybrid) and remote IDMs with their detailed illustrations including both intelligent and signal processing‐based IDMs. Comparison of various IDMs based on their merits, demerits, and various performance analysis including the non‐detection zone, detection time, quality factor, power quality, effect on a microgrid, implementation cost, and applicability in multi‐DG system is provided. Hence, this review will provide an insight for the new researchers interested in the area highlighting the different islanding detection techniques with their relative merits and demerits.

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“…In a LOM situation and the current reference waveform of the AFD is applied, the frequency of the voltage waveform will start to continuously shift up and down, this happens because the inverter operates at unity power factor and attempts to find the local load resonant frequency, 63 this is why the method is suitable for islanding detection in systems with purely resistive load. 60,64…”

Section: Islanding Detection Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide area monitoring, protection, and control application in islanding detection for grid integrated distributed generation: A review

Tshenyego

Samikannu

Mtengi

2021

Measurement and Control

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The assimilation of Distributed Generation (DG) into the electric power system (EPS) has become more attractive as the world is following a trend to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by introducing more renewable energy forms resulting in high penetration scenarios. This high penetration of DGs brings several challenges to the protection philosophy of the EPS which compromises its reliability, availability, and efficiency. Under high DG penetration scenarios, conventional islanding detection methods (Idms) fail to detect an island as the grid loses its inertia to leverage a significant frequency and voltage mismatch necessary for Idms to effectively detect an islanding event. This has given rise to the birth of Artificial Intelligent (AI) methods that are found to perform better in islanding detection. AI Idms are computationally intensive and require a lot of data to operate accurately. Because the computational burden of these methods requires fast computing hardware, the current trend of AI Idms are integrated with Wide Area Monitoring, Protection, and Control (WAMPAC) system. This paper aims at reviewing all these Idms and the WAMPAC’s system latency when hosting AI Idms which are currently the best in islanding detection. This is done to determine if the WAMPAC system latency plus Idms computational time meet the islanding detection time specified by the IEEE Standard 1547 framework.

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Improved Three-Phase AFD Islanding Detection Based on Digital Control and Non-Detection Zone Elimination

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Implementation of the Improved Active Frequency Drift Anti-Islanding Method into the Three-Phase AC/DC Converter with the LCL Grid Filter

Implementation of the Improved Active Frequency Drift Anti-Islanding Method into the Three-Phase AC/DC Converter with the LCL Grid Filter

A comprehensive review on intelligent islanding detection techniques for renewable energy integrated power system

Wide area monitoring, protection, and control application in islanding detection for grid integrated distributed generation: A review

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