Improved total organic fluorine methods for more comprehensive measurement of PFAS in industrial wastewater, river water, and air

Analysis of needs for enforcement of PFAS in articles and chemical products

“…The luorine contents from targeted PFAS analysis only contributed 0.4-29% of AOF concentrations in all except two samples, indicating the signi icance of AOF for estimating unknown PFAS concentrations, screening PFAS contamination, and assessing PFAS exposure (Han et al, 2021). Forster et al (2023) improved the total organic luorine methods for more comprehensive measurement of PFAS in industrial wastewater, river water and air.…”

Electrocatalytic water treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances reduces adsorbable organofluorine and bioaccumulation potential

“…AC cartridges were washed with 20 mL of 0.1% NH 4 OH to remove inorganic F − . 21,39 The PFAS-loaded AC samples were combusted for 20 minutes at 1050 °C under 300 mL min −1 O 2 by the CIC (details were described in previous studies 20,40 and operating parameters for this study are listed in Table S7†). Table S8† shows that AOF recovery rates increase with carbon chain length.…”

“…20 Alternative approaches such as adsorbable organouorine (AOF) have been proposed by the European Union (EU), and measure total organic uorine (TF) through combustion of PFAS adsorbed on activated carbon (AC) to quantify unknown PFAS. 21 Bioaccumulation of PFAS is an important hazard endpoint. A variety of bio-analytical methods using aquatic organisms 22 or human tissues 23 have been used to derive indices such as bioconcentration factors (BCF) or biomagnication factors.…”

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

“…First, Forster et al published a new method to measure adsorbable organic fluorine (AOF) and also extractable organic fluorine (EOF) for industrial wastewater, river water, and air. Highest recoveries (91% overall [72–99%] for EOF and 87% overall [46–112%] for AOF) and the lowest limits of detection (LODs) to date (0.1 and 0.3 μg/L for the EOF and AOF method, respectively) were achieved . The EOF method uses a new weak anion exchange (WAX)/graphitized carbon black (GCB) dual phase, which provides improved extraction of PFAS.…”

“…Highest recoveries (91% overall [72−99%] for EOF and 87% overall [46−112%] for AOF) and the lowest limits of detection (LODs) to date (0.1 and 0.3 μg/L for the EOF and AOF method, respectively) were achieved. 57 The EOF method uses a new weak anion exchange (WAX)/graphitized carbon black (GCB) dual phase, which provides improved extraction of PFAS. The pH adjustment prior to extraction (to pH 1) and composition of the rinsing solution and the receiving solution for the combustion gas were key to the low LODs.…”