Improvement in desalination performance of thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane using amine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube

Zarrabi, Hamed; Yekavalangi, Mohammad Ehsan; Vatanpour, Vahid; Shockravi, Abbas; Safarpour, Mahdie

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2016.05.002

Cited by 187 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…3 (a) show typical poly(piperazine amide) with a rough surface and firmly grab globules. These traits can be seen similarly found in research reported by [15]. However after addition of LDH nanofillers, the surface become smoother compared with pristine TFC and red circle in Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Ldh On Membrane Propertiessupporting

confidence: 76%

Incorporation of layered double nanomaterials in thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane for magnesium sulphate removal

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane with copperaluminium layered double hydroxides (LDH) incorporated into polyamide (PA) selective layer has been prepared for magnesium sulphate salt removal. 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 wt% of LDH were dispersed in the trimesoyl chloride (TMC) in n-hexane as organic solution and embedded into PA layer during interfacial polymerization with piperazine. The fabricated membranes were further characterized to evaluate its morphological structure and membrane surface hydrophilicity. The TFN membranes performance were evaluated with divalent salt magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) removal and compared with thin film composite (TFC). The morphological structures of TFN membranes were altered and the surface hydrophilicity were enhanced with addition of LDH. Incorporation of LDH has improved the permeate water flux by 82.5% compared to that of TFC membrane with satisfactory rejection of MgSO4. This study has experimentally validated the potential of LDH to improve the divalent salt separation performance for TFN membranes.

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Section: Effects Of Ldh On Membrane Propertiessupporting

confidence: 76%

Incorporation of layered double nanomaterials in thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane for magnesium sulphate removal

et al. 2018

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“…As can be seen, the peak intensity of the 3,600–3,300 cm −1 region is more severe in CNT containing hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups. In the Fourier transform infrared spectrum of MWCNT‐NH 2 , the relatively low intensity wide peak produced in the range of 3,400–3,500 cm −1 is related to the tensile vibration of the amide type II N–H . The peak area of 1,000 cm −1 to 1,300 cm −1 is related to the C–N stretch and the strong absorption in the 1670 cm −1 N–H bending region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The best way to solve this problem is creating functional groups on the surface of CNTs . Functional CNTs have better functional and distribution and performance properties …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of functional carbon nanotubes on the permeability of ultrafiltration nanocomposite PVDF membranes

Mehrabadi

Aghaei

Yaghmaee

et al. 2018

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Flux and antifouling performance of poly(vinylidnene fluoride) (PVDF) (15wt%.) nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane with different functional carbon nanotubes (–COOH, –OH, –NH2) are considered. Membranes are prepared with phase‐inversion method using n‐methylpyrrolidone as solvent. This is the first time that hydrophilicity of different nanocomposite membranes are changing gradually, as performance of nanocomposite membrane are considered. Gradually changing of hydrophilicity explains behavior and performance of nanocomposite membrane. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of PVDF membrane with different functional multiwall carbon nanotube (FMWCNT) showed that all prepared membranes are asymmetric structure with a compact top layer and a bottom layer with large pore channels. All modified nanocomposite membranes show better hydrophilicity surface in compared with pristine PVDF membrane (87°). Results of pure water flux are approved by the result of contact angle and porosity. Measurement flux membranes with optimized percent FMWCNT is increased more than twofold compared to pristine membrane (146 L·m−2·hr−1). Atomic force microscopic also revealed that modified membranes have smaller roughness in compared with neat membrane (Sa = 270 nm). Flux recovery ratio analysis for all membranes is increased more than pure membrane (39%) because of better hydrophobicity and decrease of roughness. This subject is shown that FMWCNTs have no detrimental effect on mechanical resistance in modified membranes.

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“…Solvent was removed from the sample through wetphase inversion, keeping the cast electrodes immersed in deionized water for several hours as water replaced NMP. 20,23 After the solvent was replaced with deionized water, the electrodes were air-dried for two hours to remove any water and trace amounts of solvent, and to make them machinable. The total porosity of each dried electrode was calculated as ε = 1 − ρ total /ρ solid , where ρ solid is the mass density of electrode constituents per unit solid volume (calculated to be 2.01 g/cc for the present recipe) and ρ total is total density of the electrode determined by independent measurements of electrode mass, thickness, and area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitive Performance and Tortuosity of Activated Carbon Electrodes with Macroscopic Pores

Reale

Smith

2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The rate of ionic conduction through the electrolyte of porous electrodes is determined in part by the tortuosity, a factor describing the effective length an ion must travel through the microstructure's pores. To facilitate ionic conduction and adsorption into the electric double-layers of capacitive electrodes, we show that macroscopic pores can be added to reduce the effective tortuosity by providing more direct paths to capacitive interfaces. We show experimental and simulated results of fabricating and testing electrodes that are machined to include macro-pores aligned normal to current collectors. Through the reduction of tortuosity, these "bi-tortuous" electrodes surpass unpatterned electrodes in effective ionic conductivity and capacitance. The degree of improvement is dependent on the electrodes' thickness and charging rate. Potable water demand together with agricultural and industrial needs are likely to drive the desalination of seawater, wastewater, and brackish water resources, and capacitive deionization (CDI) is one potential technology for these purposes.1 In CDI anions and cations are removed from feedwater solution by way of capacitive adsorption into electric double-layers (EDLs). The rate of salt removal in CDI ultimately influences the cost of water production, and, hence, achieving high salt removal rates is critical to making economical CDI devices. Salt removal rate typically increases with the current density used 2 because one electron is transferred for every monovalent ion adsorbed when co-ion adsorption is negligible. Thick electrodes in CDI have the potential to increase areal capacitance and enable the treatment of concentrated salt water, but such electrodes typically suffer from cracking during fabrication, increased ionic resistance, and energy consumption that typically restricts thickness to less than 350 μm.3 While alternative strategies can be used to eliminate these effects (including flow-electrode architectures 4 and intercalation-based electrodes 5-7 ) strategies to simultaneously increase salt removal rate with conventional EDL-based electrodes are desirable.In porous electrodes, including both EDL-and intercalation-based, microstructure is known to influence internal resistance, capacitance, and energy efficiency. In particular, the tortuosity τ of a porous electrode material is the ratio of the microscopic path length that an ion takes within pores normalized by the Cartesian distance between the endpoints of the path. [8][9][10] In general, porous electrodes exhibit tortuosity exceeding unity as a result of the random arrangement of impenetrable solid matrix comprising the electrode. Aside from its geometric interpretation, tortuosity impacts electrode charging dynamics by way of the effective ionic conductivity κ ef f = κ 0 ε/τ and the effective ionic diffusivity D ef f = D 0 ε/τ, where κ 0 and D 0 are the bulk values of ionic conductivity and diffusivity, and ε is porosity. 8,[11][12][13][14] The reduction of the effective transport property relative to its corres...

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Improvement in desalination performance of thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane using amine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube

Cited by 187 publications

References 32 publications

Incorporation of layered double nanomaterials in thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane for magnesium sulphate removal

Incorporation of layered double nanomaterials in thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane for magnesium sulphate removal

The effect of functional carbon nanotubes on the permeability of ultrafiltration nanocomposite PVDF membranes

Capacitive Performance and Tortuosity of Activated Carbon Electrodes with Macroscopic Pores

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