Improvement in Growth after Two Years of Growth Hormone Therapy in Very Young Children Born Small for Gestational Age and without Spontaneous Catch-Up Growth: Results of a Multicenter, Controlled, Randomized, Open Clinical Trial

Argente, Jesús; Gracía, Ricardo; Ibáñez, Lourdes; Oliver, Antonio; Borrajo, E; Vela, Amaia; López-Siguero, Juan Pedro; Moreno, Martos; Rodríguez-Hierro, Francisco

doi:10.1210/jc.2007-0078

Cited by 47 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In our patients, an increment of 1.3 SDS was observed in the height score during the 1st year, and an overall gain of 2.1 SDS was present after 2 years of rhGH treatment, which is similar to the values described in other studies including SGA patients born at term [24]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…As also reported by Argente et al [24] in term SGA infants, despite the high dose regimen employed, there was no abnormal acceleration of BA in preterm SGA patients included in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…As observed by others in young SGA infants [24], the early initiation of GH treatment in our cohort can partially account for the satisfactory growth response obtained during the 2 years of rhGH therapy. It was possible to regain a normal height at a younger age, which has the potential benefit of preventing short stature at a school age, with a possible decrease in psychosocial disturbances related to growth failure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

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First Two Years’ Response to Growth Hormone Treatment in Very Young Preterm Small for Gestational Age Children

García

Longui²,

Kochi³

et al. 2009

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background: Growth hormone (GH) is a therapeutic option for small for gestational age (SGA) children without spontaneous catch-up. There are few reports on preterm SGA children. Prematurity is an additional risk factor for adult short stature. Aim: To describe GH efficacy in preterm SGA patients. Methods: Twenty-five preterm SGA patients, 2–4 years old, treated with GH 0.066 mg/kg/day, were compared with 14 age-matched preterm SGA historical controls. Height, weight, IGF-I, IGFBP-3, fasting glucose and insulin were measured every 6 months. Results: At start of GH treatment, mean height and weight were –2.4 and –2.4 SDS, respectively. There was a significant increment in height SDS of 1.3 and 2.1 during the 1st and the 2nd year of GH therapy, respectively. There was no significant difference between the progression of chronological and bone ages. A significant increase in IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and molar ratio was observed during GH therapy. There was no difference in glucose, insulin or HOMA-IR index. Conclusion: We showed for the first time that the height increment of preterm SGA with GH treatment is similar to that described in other studies with term SGA patients. Therefore, short-term GH treatment in a subset of preterm SGA patients between 2–4 years of age was able to promote adequate growth recovery with no excessive bone age acceleration or adverse effects on carbohydrate metabolism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

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First Two Years’ Response to Growth Hormone Treatment in Very Young Preterm Small for Gestational Age Children

García

Longui²,

Kochi³

et al. 2009

Horm Res Paediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Some, but not all of those children, have a growth hormone (GH) deficiency [38, 39]. It has been shown that GH therapy increases the catch-up growth and, thereby, reduces the risk of short adult stature [40-42]. Further, there is some evidence that children born SGA who receive GH therapy have an improved cognitive development compared with their counterparts not receiving GH therapy [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Born Small for Gestational Age and Poor School Performance – How Small Is Too Small?

et al. 2017

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Aim: To assess the relationship between severity of small for gestational age (SGA) and the risk of poor school performance, and to investigate whether adult stature modifies this risk. Methods: 1,088,980 Swedish children born at term between 1973 and 1988 were categorized into severe SGA (less than –3 standard deviations (SD) of expected birth weight), moderate SGA (–2.01 to –3 SD), mild SGA (–1.01 to –2 SD), and appropriate for gestational age (–1 to 0.99 SD). The risk of poor school performance at the time of graduation from compulsory school (grades <10th percentile) was calculated using unconditional logistic regression models and adjusted for socio-economic factors. In a sub-analysis, we stratified boys by adult stature, and adjusted for maternal but not paternal height. Results: All SGA groups were significantly associated with an increased risk of poor school performance, with adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals ranging from 1.85 (1.65–2.07) for severe SGA to 1.25 (1.22–1.28) for mild SGA. In the sub-analysis, all birth weight groups were associated with an increased risk of poor school performance among boys with short stature compared to those with non-short stature. Conclusion: Mild SGA is associated with a significantly increased risk of poor school performance, and the risk increases with severity of SGA. Further, this risk diminishes after adequate catch-up growth.

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“…4 Growth hormone therapy is effective to reduce risk of stunting among most SGA cases by improving height growth. 5 However, there is still debate on the best timing to initiate growth hormone therapy for SGA newborns because many of them will have postnatal "catch-up" growth spontaneously. 6 Therefore, to find SGA newborns with high risk of stunting by their etiology may inform earlier treatment and reduce stunting risk in later life.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stunting at 5 Years Among SGA Newborns

et al. 2016

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To compare risk of stunting at 5 years across etiological subgroups of small for gestational age (SGA) newborns. METHODS:We analyzed data of a subsample (N = 1100) of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort. We defined SGA as birth weight <10th percentile, then classified subjects into etiological subgroups by each of 8 risk factors (ie, maternal prepregnancy underweight, short stature, smoking during pregnancy, alcohol use during pregnancy, inadequate gestational weight gain [GWG], hypertension, genital herpes infection, and multiple births) or by cooccurrence of 2 often intertwined risk factors (smoking and inadequate GWG). We defined stunting as 5 years height-for-age z score below -2. We fitted logistic regression models to test whether the risk of stunting differed across SGA subgroups, adjusting for confounders.RESULTS: SGA subgroup with maternal short stature (odds ratio [OR] = 3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.16-6.96) or inadequate GWG (OR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.23-3.84) had higher risk of stunting at 5 years, compared with the SGA subgroup without the corresponding risk factor. SGA newborns with both maternal smoking and inadequate GWG during pregnancy had much higher risk of stunting at 5 years (OR = 3.10; 95% CI = 1.21-7.91), compared with SGA newborns without any of these 2 SGA risk factors. CONCLUSIONS:Etiological subgroups of SGA differed in risk of stunting at 5 years. SGA newborns of inadequate GWG mothers who smoke and SGA newborns of short mothers were at particularly high risk of stunting.

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Improvement in Growth after Two Years of Growth Hormone Therapy in Very Young Children Born Small for Gestational Age and without Spontaneous Catch-Up Growth: Results of a Multicenter, Controlled, Randomized, Open Clinical Trial

Abstract: Very young SGA children without spontaneous catch-up growth could benefit from GH treatment because growth was accelerated and no negative side effects were observed.

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

First Two Years’ Response to Growth Hormone Treatment in Very Young Preterm Small for Gestational Age Children

First Two Years’ Response to Growth Hormone Treatment in Very Young Preterm Small for Gestational Age Children

Born Small for Gestational Age and Poor School Performance – How Small Is Too Small?

Stunting at 5 Years Among SGA Newborns

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